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                    <text>STATE  UNIVERSITY OF  NEW  YORK AT BINGHAMTON

HARPUR  COLLEGE
THE  DEPARTMENT OF  MUSIC

Mozart’s

THE  MARRIAGE  OF  FIGARO

by
Students of the Opera Workshop

Thursday, May 14, 1970
Friday, May 15, 1970
8 :15 p. m.

Recital Hall

�PROGRAM
CAST

Act. 1  Scene 1.
(An upstairs bedroom)
Duettino 
Duettino 
Cavatina 

Figaro and Susanna
Figaro and Susanna
Figaro

Aria 
Duettino 
Aria 
Terzetto 

Bartolo
Marcellina and Susanna
Cherubino
Count, Basilio and Susanna

Aria 

Figaro
Act 1.  Scene 2.
(Boudoir of the Countess)

9.
10.
11.
12.

Cavatina 
Arietta 
Terzetto 
Duettino 

Countess
Cherubino
Count, Countess and Susanna
Susanna and Cherubino

Tinie — Now
Place  –  A manor hous e in Spain
COUNT ALMAVIVA 

Baritone 

COUNT ESS ALMAVIVA 

Soprano 

Beverly Pe nn
Toby  Jean Manker

SUSANNA,  her chambermaid 

Soprano 

Alida Stahl
Grace  Martin

FIGARO, valet to the Count

Bass–baritone 

CHERUBINO, the Count’s page

Mezzo–soprano 

Ter rence Howell

James Osborne
Nancy Carlson

BASILIO, music master 

Tenor

Charles Seltzer

DON CURZIO,  a  judge 

Tenor

Charles Seltzer

BARTOLO, a doctor from Seville 

Bass

Thomas Strain

BARBARINA, his daughter 

Soprano 

Stage Director 

Donna Ribble

(Conductor, Thursday performance)

William Lewis

Musical Preparation 
Roberta Schlosser
(Conductor, Friday performance)

Intermission

Coach and Accompanist 

Barbara Garges

Act II.  Scene 1.
(Count ’s chambers)
13. Recitative and Aria 
14. Sestetto 
1 5. Recitative and Aria 
16. Duettino 

Count
Mnrcellina, Figaro, Bartolo,
Don  Curzio, Count and Susanna
Countess
Susanna and Countess

PROGRAM  NOTES
Mozart’s  “Marriage  of  Figaro”  should  be  executed  with  elaborate
costumes,  scenery  and  orchestra  to completely do  i t  justice.  We have
neither  the  time  nor  the  resources  at  the  moment for such a venture ;

so we decided to experiment.

Act II.  Scene 2.
(The garden)
1 7. Cavatina 
1 8. Recitative and Aria 

1 9. Recitative  and  Aria 
20. Finale  of  Act IV 

Bar barina
Figaro
Susanna
Cherubino, Countess, Count
Susanna, Figaro, Barbarina,
Marcellina, Bartolo, Don Curzio

Our young artists f unctionbestinafa rnilia r environment ; so we decided
to  perform  the  work  in the present, in contemporary dress allowing the
player  to develop  his  or  her character naturally and easily relate to an
acting  situation without slighting the vocally ma jestic Mozartan line.
We  have  inserted  a  minimum of spoken dialogue to establish the con­
tinuity of an ext remely complicated plot and enable us to reach the ma jor
arias,  duets  and  ensembles  with  alacrity.  Certain  details  of the story
are  omitted  purposely so  that  we  all  will  have again the opportunity to
hear and enjoy the musical heart of the “Marriage of  Figaro” in one­third
its usual performance time.
William L . Lewis, Director
Opera Workshop

�P rogram of  Le Marriage de Figaro — Beaumarchais
Figaro,  steward  at  the  castle  of  Aguas  Frescas,  has borrowed ten
thousand f rancs f rom Marceline, housekeeper of the same castle, and has
given  her  a  note  promising  to  repay  the  money at a certain time or to
marry  her  if  he  should  default.  Meanwhile,  very  much in love with
Suzanna, Countess Almaviva’s young chambermaid, he prepares to marry
her ; for  the Count, himself enamored of young Suzanna, has favored this

marriage in the hope that a dowry he has promised to give her would en­
able him to obtain from her in secret her yielding to the droit du seigneur,
a  right that he had renounced for the beneﬁt of  his servants when he was
married.  This little domestic intrigue is conducted on behalf of the Count
by the  rather  unscrupulous Basile, music­master of the castle.  But the
young  and  virtuous Suzanne believes herself obliged to apprise her mis­
tress and her betrothed of the Count’s gallant intentions, and the Countess,
Suzanne,  and  Figaro  band  together  to foil  the  plans of the lord of the
manor.  A small page, beloved by everyone at the castle but mischievous
and  overheated,  like  all  precocious  lads  of  thirteen  or fourteen, slips
saucily away from his master and by his liveliness and perpetual thought­
lessness  more  than once involuntarily places obstacles in the way of the
Count’s  progress, at the same time getting himself into hot water, which
leads to some very eﬀective incidents inthe p iece  .  .  .  The Count, ﬁnally
perceiving that he is being made the  victim, but unable to imagine how it
is  being  done,  resolves  upon vengeance by favoring Marceline’s claims.
Thus,  desperate  because he cannot make the young woman his mistress,
he tries to marry the old one to Figaro, who is disgusted by all this.  But
at  the  moment  when  Almaviva  believes  himself avenged, when, as ﬁrst
magistrate of  Andalusia, he condemns Figaro to marry Marceline that day
or pay the ten thousand francs —which Figaro cannot possibly do ­–, it is
revealed that Marceline is Figaro’s unknown mother.  This ruins all of the
Count’s  plans  and he cannot ﬂatter himself that he is either fortunate or
avenged.  During this time, the Countess, who has not given up the hope of
winning back her unfaithful spouse by catching him at fault, has arranged
with Suzanne that the latter pretend to grant the Count a rendezvous at last
in the garden, and that the wif e appear there in place of  the mistress.  But
an  unforeseen  incident apprises Figaro of the rendezvous granted by his
ﬁancée.  Furious because be believes himself deceived, he hides at the ap­
pointed  spot,  in  order  to  surprise  the  Count with Suzanne.  While he is
still raging, he is himself pleasantly surprised to discover that the whole
aﬀair  is only a game between the Countess and her chambermaid for the
purpose of fooling the Count ; he ﬁnally joins in the game good­humoredly ;
Almaviva,  convicted  of  unfaithfulness by his wife, throws himself at her
feet,  begs  her  forgiveness, which she laughingly grants him, and Figaro
marries Suzanne.’
7Eugene Lintihac,  Histoire générale du theatre en F rance , Pavis,  n.d., IV,
414–16

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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y
STATE  U N I V E R S I T Y  OF  N E W   Y O R K

d

e

[4

c

D E P A R T M E N T

M U  P H I  E P S I L O N

FALL SEMESTER RECITAL

~ . l  

1 M L

‘. 3 1 ]   .:_I  i ‘

(m  J

Sunday, N ovember 9, 2014

2:00 p.m.

Casadesus Recital Hall

�80  PROGRA M  c s
Variations on a Theme by Rossini . 
F  FTG
IAEEL
from the opera, La Cene’rentola for ﬂute and piano 
A
Theme
I.  Con anima
II.  Piu lento
III.  Vivo
IV.  Con brio

Jessica Biagiotti, ﬂute
Natasha Talukdar, piano

An die Musik 

Franz S N
A  (179 A
 ’ '
Deanna Feuerbach, soprano 
i
Danielle Stoner, piano

Sonata for Bassoon and Piano, Op, 168................Camille Saint­S .

Laura Earls, bassoon
Karen Fu, piano

(1835­192

Revolutiona ry Etude, Op. 10, No. 12 ..

..............Frédéric0
(1810­18 k
Natasha Talukdar, piano

Quatour pour saxophones........................Faustin &amp; Maurice Jean
I.  Gaiete Villageoise 
(1897­1 9
II.  Doux Paysage
III.  Papillons

Nicholas Follett, soprano saxophone
Stephi Verha ge, alto saxophone
Danielle Stoner, tenor saxophone
Andrew Pﬁeﬀer, baritone saxophone

�i  fraternity s6rtcd on
in
2Collcge of Music” 
. Sterling  and  Elizabeth
 eh V’ﬁ’lmnity is  to  recognize

ﬀ? develop a bond among is
nce  musi c in  the community,

t h e  promotion of musicianship,
tion, with an emphasis on service
rt ;   ­ , '

‘ ­ you all for coming  to  our  event  today.
all free event, we would ask tha t if you like our
 ­. . ease donate to our fra ternity. Your donations
‘more proliﬁc throughou t the community.

etion go to facebook.com/muphibing

�Binghamton Universi ty M usi c De part m en t’s
Comin g Ev  en ts
n

a

W

­

é

M

M

é

­

M

w

b

Sunday, November 9  ­  Composers Concert : Hugunine and Silrora ­  4:00 p.m.  ­  Phelps
Mansion  Museum ­ $10  general  public;  free  for BU  students with  lD.  For reservations call  the
Phelps Mansion at (60 7) 7 2 2 4 8 7 3 .

l 
4 

Thursday, November 1 3 ­Mid­Da y Co n ce r t  1 : 20 p.m. – Casadems Recital Hall ­ free

Saturday, November 1 5 – U niversity Chorus: Haydn’s Mass i n  Time  o f  War ­  7:30 p.m.
~ Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $7 general public; $5 faculty/staﬀ/senims/alumni; free for students

Sunday, November 16  ­  Senior Reci t a l: Alexio Chang, vio lin ­  3 :00 p.m.  ­  Casadesus
Recital Hall – free

Monday, November 1 7  – Momenta Quarte t Master Class ­ 8:15 ­  10:00 p.m. ­ Casadem

Recital Hall

Tuesday, November 18 ­ Momenta Qua­ten­ Music Now! ­­ 7:30 p.m. ­ Camdesus Recital
Hall ­ $10 general pubic; $5 faculty/staﬀ/seniors/alumni; free for students
Thursday, November 20 ­ Jazz Mid Day Concert with jeﬁStockbam, mumpet and Mike
Dubaniewicz, saxophone ~ 1:20 p.m. ­ Osterhout Concert Theater ­ free
Thursday, November 2 0  – Harpur Jazz Ensemble Concert wi tb gueet artist ­  7:30 p.m. –
Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $ 7 general public; $5 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students
Sunday, November 2 3  ­  Universi ty Wind Symphony: I n M
  emory and I n  Tribute ­ An
Homage  in  Music  –  3:00  p.m.  –  Anderson  Center  Chamber  Hall  ­  $ 7  general  public;  $5
faculry/staﬀ/seniors/alumni; free for students
Tuesday, December 2  ­  Per cussion Ensemble Concert ­  7:30  p.m.  ­  Osterhout Concert

Theater ­ $ 7 general public;  $5 faculty/staﬀ/seniors/alumni; free for students

ﬂ é w w b ﬂ é M d b ­ a é l b ­ G M M M M M Q ­

— 

O

f

y p,

 

For  tickets or  to be  added  to our  email  list, uuit anderwnibinghamtonedu or
call  (607) 7 7 7­ARTS  For a complete  list  of our  concern  call  (607) 7 7 7­
2 592, visit music.binghamton.edu or  become a fan on  Facebook.
If  you were  inspired  by  this performance, consider supporting the Department
of Music with a ﬁnancxal  gift . Your  support  helps  to  continue  the work of
students, faculty, and guest artists and their contributions to our community.
Please  make  your  donation  payable  to  the  Bmghamton  University  Music
Department,  and  send  your  check  to  BU  Music  Department,  P.O.  Box
6000, Bmghamton, NY 13 902 .

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                    <text>BINGHAM TON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  N ew York
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D E P A R T M E N T

MUSIC  AND D ANCE
Timothy LeFebvre, baritone
Chai­Kyou Mallinson, piano
and
Galutaph a
Andy Ho rowitz

Marlon T orres
with

!

guests:
Gabriela Ranallo
Emily Hoo per
Erin Stanley

Saturday, April 1 ­ 8:00 p.m.
Sunday, April 2 ­ 3:00 p.m.
Anderson Center Chamber Hall

�PROGRAM

Dichterliebe, Op. 48..........oo i

i

Im wunderschonen Monat Mai
Aus meinen Tranen sprieﬂen
Die Rose, die Lilie, dei Taube
Wenn ich in deine Augen seh
Ich will meine Seele tauchen
Im Rhein, im heiligen Strome
Ich grolle nicht
Und wiiBten’s die Blumen, die kleinen
Das ist ein F loten und Geigen
Hor ich das Liedchen klingen
Ein Jiingling liebt ein Madchen
Am leuchtenden Sommermorgen
Ich hab im Traum geweinet
Allndchtlich im Traume
Aus alten Marchen
Die alten, bosen Lieder

i SChumann
(1810­1856)
Poems by Heinrich Heine

~Intermission~

From Old Am erican Songs 
The Boatmen ’s Dance
Long Time Ago
Simple Gifts
I Bought Me A Cat
The Little Horses
Zion’s Walls
At The River
Ching­A­Ring Chaw

Aaron Copland
(1900­1990)

�Program  Notes
Dichterliebe

4

After  the  eighteen­year­old  Robert  Schumann  had  visited  Heinrich  Heine  in  Munich  he
remarked : “On his lips there played a bitterly ironic smile, but it was a lo fty smile aimed at the
trivialities of life and a scorn for petty men.”  The Heine that Schumann m et was the poet who
had called himself the last  Romantic and the ﬁrst modern, and  the composer was sensitive to
Heine’s poetic method: the skillful use of the old Romantic iconography, subtly interlaced with
and ultimately undercut by a self­ironic awareness.  Schumann, who owned the 1 827 ﬁrst edition
of Heine’s Lyrisches Intermezzo and had set the twenty poems within a nine­day span in June,
1840, was keenly aware of the book’s ironic premise contained in the prologue.  In these opening
verses Heine recounts the story of a knight­poet who is abruptly confronted by a vision of his
destiny.  In Heine’s sharp­tongued, often griml y bitter se ries of sixty­six poe ms the protagonist is

the object of his own scathing wit as he realizes the bitter fate that refuses him the fulﬁllment of
his love and passion.
In selecting and ordering the twenty songs Schumann  intended  to designate as Opus 29, the
composer created a cycle which, inspired by his youthful impressions of the poet’s own visage,
cloaked  complex  feelings  with seeming naiveté  of expression.  As  it  stands  in  its  original
manuscript version, the 20 Lieder are less a cycle about a poet’s unrequited love than they are a
scathing exploration of the poet’s fateful inability to love.
Old American Songs
The ﬁrst set of Old American Songs was completed in 1950, and William Wa rﬁeld gave the ﬁrst
performance  in  New  York  on  January 28,  195 l.  The  second  set, comprised  of  ﬁve  more
adaptations of Old American Songs, was ﬁnished in 1952, and was present ed for the  ﬁrst time at
the Castle Hill Concerts.  Both sets were arranged for medium voice and small orchestra b y the
composer in 1954­55.

The Boatmen ’s Dance – published in Boston in 1843 as an “original banjo melody” by Old Dan.
D. Emmett, who later composed Dixie; from the Harris Collection of American Poetry and Pla ys
in Brown University.

Long Time Ago – issued in 1837 by George Pope Morris, who adapted the words, and Charles
Edward Horn, who arranged the music from an anonymous, original “black­face” tune ; also from
the Harris Collection.
Simple Gifts – a favorite song of the Shaker sect, from the period 1837­184 7.  The melody and
words were quoted by Edward D. Andrews in his book of Shaker rituals, songs and dances,
entitled The Gift To Be Simple.
I Bought Me A Cat – a children’s nonsense song.  This version was sung to the composer by the
American playwright Lynn Riggs, who learned it during his boyhood in Oklahoma.
The Little Horses ~ a children’s lullaby song originating in the Southern States – date unknown.
This adaptation founded in part on John A. and Alan Lomax’s version in Folk Song U.S.A.

Zion ’s Walls – a revivalist song.  Original  melody and words credited to John  G. McCurry,
compiler of the Social Harp; published by George P. Jackson in Down East Spirituals.
At the River – h ymn tune.  Words and melody are by Rev. Robert Lowry, 1 865.

  The words have been adapted from the original, in the
Ching­a­ring Chaw ~ minstrel song.
h   e A    D a i n l  h  D w a r TT  T n a v a r c i t y r
S

M

�TRANSLATIONS

Dichterliebe
I.
Im wunderschonen Monat Mai,
Als alle Knospen sprangen,
Da ist in meinem Herzen
Die Liebe aufgegangen.

Poet’s Love
In the lovely month of May,
When all the buds were blooming,
Then in my heart
Did love well up.

Da hab ich ihr gestanden
Mein Sehnen und Verlangen.

In the lovely month of May,
When all the birds were singing,
Then did I to her confess
My longing and desire.

II.
Aus meincn Tranen sprieﬂen
Viel blﬁhcndc Blumen hervor,
Und meine Seufzer werden
Ein Nachtigallenchor.

From my tears spring forth
Many a ﬂower in bloom,
And my sighs become
A choir of nightingales.

Und wenn du mich lieb hast, Kindchen,
Schenk ich dir die Blumen all’,
Und vor deinem Fenster soll klingen
Das Lied der Nachtigall.

And if you love me, little one,
I will give you all the ﬂowers,
And at your window shall sound
The song of the nightingale

III.
Die Rose, die Lilie, die Taube, die Sonne,
Die liebt ich einst alle in Liebeswonne.
Ich lieb sie nicht mehr. Ich liebe alleine
Die Kleine, die F cine, die Reine, die Eine;
Sie selber, aller Liebe [Bronne,]
Ist Rose und Lilie und Taube und Sonnc.
[Ich liebe alleine
Die Kleine, die Feine, die Reine, die Eine.]

The rose, the lily, the dove, and the sun;
I once loved them all with wondrous bliss.
I love them no longer. I love only
My tiny, ﬁne, pure, rare darling;
She herself is [the fountain] of all love,
She is rose and lily and dove and sun.
[I love only
My tiny, ﬁne, pure, rare darling]

IV.
Wenn ich in deine Augen seh ’,
So schwindet all mein Leid und Weh;
Doch wenn ich kﬁsse deinen Mund,
So werd ich ganz und gar gesund.

When I look into your eyes,
All my pain and sorrow vanish;
But when I kiss your lips,
Then I become whole and healthy.

Wenn ich mich lehn an deine Brust,
Kommt’s tiber mich wie Himmclslust;
Doch wenn du sprichst, “Ich liebe dich!”
So muss ich weinen bitterlich.

When I lay myself on your breast,
Heavenly bliss envelops me;
But when you say “I love you!”
Then I can only weep bitterly.

Im wunderschénen Monat Mai,
Als alle Vogel sangen,

�V.
Ich will meine Seele tauchen
In den Kelch der Lilie hinein;
Die Lilie soll klingend hauchen
Ein Lied von der Liebsten mein.

I want to plunge my soul
Into the cup of the lily;
The lily would breathe melodiously
A song of my beloved.

Das Lied soll schauern und beben
Wie der KuB von ihrem Mund
Den sie mir einst gegeben
In wunderbar stiller Stund.’

The song would shiver and tremble
Like the kiss from her lips
Which she once gave me
In a wonderfully sweet hour.

VI.
Im Rhein, im heiligen Strome,
Da spiegelt sich in den Well’n,
Mit seinem groﬂen Dome
Das groBe, heilige Koln.

In the Rhine, in that holy river
Is mirrored in the waves,
With its towering cathedral
The holy city of Cologne.

Im Dom da steht ein Bildnis,
Auf goldenem Leder gemalt;
In meines Lebens Wildnis
Hat’s freundlich hineingestrahlt.

In the cathedral there is a picture,
Painted on golden leather;
Into the wilderness of my life
Ii shone with friendly radiance.

Es schweben Blumen und Eng’lein
Um unsre liebe F rau;
Die Augen, die Lippen, die Wianglein,
Die gleichen der Liebsten genau.

Flowers and little angels ﬂoat
Around our blessed Lady;
Her eyes, her lips, her cheeks,
Are just like those of my beloved.

VII.
Ich grolle nicht, und wenn das Herz auch
bricht,
Ewig verlomes Lieb! Ich grolle nicht.
Wie du auch strahlst in
Diamantenpracht,
Es fallt kein Strahl in deines Herzens Nacht.

I will not complain, even if my heart does
break,
Forever lost, o love! I will not complain.
However you may shine in bediamonded
splendour,
No ray illuminates the night in your heart.

DaB weiB ich langst. Ich sah dich ja im
Traume,
Und sah die Nacht in deines Herzens
Raume,
Und sah die Schlang, die dir am Herzen
friﬁt,
Ich sah, mein Lieb, wie sehr du elend bist.
[Ich grolle nicht, ich grolle nicht.]

Long have I known this. Yes, I saw you in
a dream,
And saw the night in the abyss of your
heart,
And saw the serpent that gnaws at yo ur

breast,
I saw, my love, how miserable you are.
[I will not complain, I will not complain!]

�VIII.
Und wiissten’s die Blumen, die Kleinen,
Wie tief verwundet mein Herz,
Sie wﬁrden mit mir weinen,
Zu heilen meinen Schmerz.

If only the little ﬂowers knew,
How deeply wounded my heart is,
They would cry with me,
T o heal my sorrow.

Und wiissten’s die Nachtigallen,
Wie ich so traurig und krank,
Sie liessen frohlich erschallen
Erquickendcn Gesang.

And if the nightingales knew,
How sad and sick I am,
They would gladly release a torrent
Of restorative sound.

Und wiissten sie mein Wehe,
Die goldenen Sternelein,
Sie kamen aus ihrer Hohe,
Und sprachen Trost mir ein.

And if they knew my pain,
The little golden stars,
Would come down from heaven,

Sie alle konnen’s nicht wissen,
Nur eine kennt meinen Schmerz:
Sie hat ja selbst zerrissen,
Zerrissen mir das Herz.

But all of them cannot know,
One alone understands my suﬀering,
It is she who has rent,
Rent my heart.

IX.
Das ist ein F loten und Geigen,
Trompeten schmettern darein;
Da tanzt den Hochzeitreigen
Die Herzallerliebste mein.

There is the sound of ﬂutes and ﬁddles,
Trumpets blaring shrilly,
There dancing the wedding dance,
Is my own dearly beloved.

Das ist ein Klingen und Drohnen,
Ein Pauken und ein Schalmein;
Dazwischen schluchzen und stohnen
Die lieblichen Engelein.

There is a ringing and roaring,
The sound of a drum and the sound of shame;
Between the sobs and moans
Of the lovely little angels.

X.
Hor ich das Liedchen klingen,
Das einst die Liebste sang,
So will mir die Brust zerspringen
Von wildem Schmerzendrang.

When I hear the little song,
That once my dearest sang,
Then my breast wants to burst
From a wild surge of pain.

Es treibt mich ein dunkles Sehnen
Hinauf zur Waldcshoh,
Dort lost sich auf in Tranen
Mein iibergrosses Weh’.

T o  give m e  c omfort.

A dark longing drives me

Out onto the forest pea ks,

There I ﬁnd relief in tears for
My overwhelming grief

�XI.
Ein Jiingling liebt ein Madchen,
Die hat einen andern ewahlt;
Der andere liebt eine andre;
Und hat sich mit dieser vermahlt.

A youth loves a maiden.
And she has chosen another;
He, in turn, loves another
And marries her.

Das Madchen nimmt aus Arger
Den ersten, besten Mann,
Der ihr in den Weg gelau fen;
Der Jiingling ist ﬁbel dran.

The maiden in her anger
Marries the next best man
Who comes her way;
The youth takes it badly.

Es ist eine alte Geschichte,
Doch bleibt sie immer neu;
Und wem sie just passieret,
Dem bricht das Herz entzwei.

It is an old story,
Yet it remains ever new;
And to whomever it happens,
His heart is rent in two.

XII.
Am leuchtendcn Sommermorgen
Geh’ ich im Garten herum.
Es ﬂiistern und sprechen die Blumen
Ich aber wandle stumm.

On a bright summer morning
I walk about in the garden.
T he ﬂowers whisper and speak,
But I wander silently.

Es ﬂiistern und sprechen die Blumen,
Und schaun mitleidig mich an;
“Sei unsrer Schwester nicht bose,
Du trauriger, blasser Mann!”

T he ﬂowers whisper and speak,
And look at me with pity;
“Do not be angry with our sister,
You sad, pale man.”

XIII.
Ich hab’ im Traum geweinet,
Mir traumte du lagest im Grab.
Ich wachte auf, und die Trane
FloB noch von der Wange herab.

I wept in my dream,
I dreamed you lay in your grave.
I woke, and the tears
Still ﬂowed from my cheeks.

Ich hab’ im Traum geweinet,
Mir traumt’, du verlicBest mich.
Ich wachte auf, und ich weinte
Noch lange bitterlich.

I wept in my dream,
I dreamed you left me.
I woke and I continued to cry
Bitterly for a long time.

Ich hab’ im Traum geweinet,

I wept in my dream,
I dreamed you were still mine.
I woke and my tears still
Flowed unceasingly.

Mir traumte, du warst mi r noch gut.

Ich wachte auf, und noch immer
Stromt meine Tranenﬂut.

!

�XIV.
Allnachtlich im Traume she ’ ich dich
Und sehe dich freundlich grﬁssen,
Und laut aufweinend stiirz’ ich mich
Zu deinen siissen Fussen.

Every night in my dreams I see you,
And see you giving me a friendly greeting
And sobbing aloud, I throw myself
At your feet.

Du siehest mich an wehmﬁtiglich,
Und schiittelst das blonde Kopfchen;
Aus deinen Augen schleichen sich
Die Perlentranentropfchen.

You look at me with pity,
And shake your little blonde head;
From your eye silently
Steal pearly little teardrops.

Du sagst mir heimlich ein leises Wort,
Und gibst mir den Strauss von Cypressen.
Ich wache auf, und der Strauss ist fort.
Und’s Wort hab’ ich vergessen.
XV.
Aus alten Marchen winkt es
Hervor mit weiBer Hand,
Da singt es, und da klingt es
Von einem Zauberland.

You secretly whisper a gentle word,
And give me a cypress bouquet.
I wake and the cypress is gone.
And I have forgotten what you said.
From the old fairytales
Beckons a white hand,
There is singing and the sounds
Of a magic land.

Wo bunte Blumen bluhen,
In goldnen Abendlicht,
Und lieblich duftend glithen
Mit brautlichem Gesicht;

Where colorful ﬂowers grow,
In golden evening light,
And in the lovely fragrance glow
With the radiant face of a bride;

[Und grilne Baume singen
Uralte Melodein,
Die Lufte heimlich klingen,
Und Voglein schm ettern drein;

[And green trees sing
Their ageold melodies,
The breezes whisper secretively,
And the birds warble there;

Und Nebelbilder steigen
Wohl aus der Erd’ hervor,
Und tanzen luft’gen Reigen
Im wunderlichen Chor;

And misty shapes rise up
Right out of the earth,
And dance airy dances
In a marvelous strange chorus;

Und blaue Funken brennen
An jedem Blatt und Reis,
Und rote Lichter rennen
Im irren, wirren Kreis;

And blue sparks burn
On every leaf and twig,
And red lights swirl
In a crazy, confused circle;

Und laute Quellen brechen
Aus wildem Marmorstein,
Und seltsam in den Bachen
Strahlt fort der Widerschein.]

And noisy springs gush
From the wild marble rocks,
And in the brook ’s strange
Reﬂections ﬂicker back and forth. ]

�Ach, konnt ich dorthin kommen,
Und do rt mein Herz erfreu’n,
Und al ler Qual entnommen,
Und frei und selig sein!

Ah, if I could go there,
And let my heart rejoice,
And there be relieved of all pain,
And be free and happy!

Ach! jenes Land der Wonne
Das seh’ ich o ft im Traum ;
Doch kommt die Morgensonne,
ZerﬂieBt’s wie eitel Schaum.

Ah, that land of bliss,
I have often seen in dreams;
But with the m orning ’s sunrise,
It vanishes like mist.

XVI.
Die alten, bosen Lieder,
Die Traume bos und arg,
Die laBt uns jetzt begraben;
Holt einen groﬂen Sa rg.

The wicked old songs,
The nasty grim dreams,
Let us now bury them;
Come, fetch a large coﬀin.

Hinein leg ich gar manches,
Doch sag ich noch nicht was;
Der Sarg muB} sein noch groﬂer,
Wie’s Heidelberger FaB.

Therein shall I lay many a thing,
But I will not yet say what;
The coﬀin must be even larger,
Than Heidelberg ’s huge vat.

Und holt eine Totenbahre
Und Bretter fest und dick;
Auch muf sie sein noch langer,
Als wie zu Mainz die Brﬁck’.

Bring me a bier
And ﬁrm, thick planks;
It must be even longer,
Than the bridge over the Mainz.

Und holt mir auch zwolf Riesen,
Die miissen noch starker sein
Als wie der starke Christoph
Im Dom zu Koln am Rhein.

Then fetch me twelve giants,
They must be stronger
Than the strong St. Christopher
In the cathedral of Cologne on the Rhine.

Die sollen den Sarg forttragen
Und senken ins Meer hinab,
Denn solchem groBen Sarge
Gebiihrt ein groﬂes Grab.

They must carry away the coﬀin
And sink it deep in the sea;
Because such a large casket
Needs a deep grave.

WiBt ihr, warum der Sarg wohl
So groB und schwer mag sein?
Ich senkt auch meine Liebe
Und meinen Schmerz hinein.

Do you know why the coﬀin
Must be so big and heavy?
Because I am also burying in it
My love and pain.
Translated by Thomas Hampson &amp; Carla
Maria Verdino­Siillwold 199 4

�ABOUT THE  PERF ORM ERS
mer.
Baritone TIMO THY L EFEBV RE is in demand as both a concert singer and operatic perfor
arpless
His recent performances include Beethoven ’s 9” Symphony with Syracuse Symphony, Sh
ah
d Messi
rsity an
in Madama Butterﬂy with Syracuse Opera, a solo recital at Binghamton Unive
hony,
with Pensacola Symphony.  LeFebvre has  appeared in concert with the  Vermont Symp
gh
Pittsbur
ra, 
Orchest
ny 
Minnesota  Symphony,  Syracuse  Symphony,  American  Sympho
hire
Symphony, Spokane Symphony, Binghamton P hilharmonic, Rochester Bach Festival, Berks
les
kaneate
, the S
Society
Choral  Festival, Williamsport Symphony, Syracuse Chamber  Music 
ert at
Festival and with the prestigious Marlboro Music Festival.  He has also appeared in conc
cludes
New York’s Carnegie Hall and Alice  Tully Hall.  LeFebvre’s  operatic experience in
ooga
leading  roles  with  San  Francisco  Opera,  Tri­Cities  Opera,  Sarasota  Opera,  Chattan
urgh.
Symphony and Opera, Syracuse Opera, Indianapolis Opera, and Opera Theater o f Pittsb
ards
Mr. LeF ebvre is a winner of the New York Liederkranz Vocal Competition, and other aw
y and
include the Richard F. Gold Career Grant, an Opera Fellowship at Binghamton Universit
e  of
graduat
Regional  Finalist  in  several  Metropolitan  Opera  Competitions.  LeFebvre  is  a 
at
Carnegie  Mellon  University and  Binghamton  University  and  is  currently  on  the  faculty 
New
the 
with 
Binghamton  University.  His  2005­2006  engagements  include  appearances 
Requiem,
Dominion  Chorale  in  Brahms ’  Requiem,  West  Virginia  Symphony  in  Mozart ’s 
llad
ra in Ba
ity Ope
Jacksonville Symphony in Bernstein’s Arias and Barcarolles and Central C
of Baby Doe.
Music  at
CHAI­ KYOU   MALL INSON ,  currentl y  on  the  faculty  of  the  Departm ent  of 
nement
’Enseig
nce d
rd, Lice
Binghamton University, received a B.M. degree in P iano from Jullia
ton
from  Ecole  Normale  de  Musique  de  Paris,  France  and  a  M.A.  degree  from  Bingham
lton
il and A
es Gent
ase, Jul
University. Her teachers include Jean Casadesus, Jean­Michel Dam
an
Jones. She also perform ed in Master Classes by Robert Casadesus. A prize winner in the Kore
wood
National Music Competition, she was awarded the French Government Scholarship, Tangle
Full
Summer  School  Full  Scholarship  and  the  Fontainebleau  American  Conservatory 
list,
Scholarship. She gave a debut Recital in Carnegie Recital Hall and has been active as a recita
tor of
vocal coach, accompanist, and chamber music performer, as well as an  active adjudica
achers
iano Te
ild of P
nal Gu
e Natio
piano auditions and competitions.  She is a member of th
Association and  the Music Teachers National Association.

aul
She has premiered compositions of contemporary composers including Ezra Laderman, P
hree
Goldstaub, Meyer Kupferman and William Klenz. Among many concerts she performed, t
with
were sponsored by the New York State Council on the Arts. She appeared in a performance 
d
respecte
ost 
rea’s m
 of Ko
the Seoul  Philharmonic  Orchestra, which  Eumag  Choonchu, one
music magazines, described as “of rare quality, moving and lyrical.”
n
ANDY H O R O W I T Z  attended Oberlin College, Shifan University in Taiwan, earned a BA i
ed in
Theatre from Binghamton University, and an MBA from Syracuse University. Andy act
Wild
Kung Fu movies, traveled extensively through remote reaches of China, and worked as a 
 for
West stunt rider. Andy speaks Chinese and is sometimes asked to act as a court interpreter
eir two
Chinese speaking defendants in Binghamton, where he lives with his wife Carol and th
s
children,  Elias and  Talia. Andy makes  the  company’s  costumes and  props.  Andy is alway
ure,
building something, whether it be electric guitars, congas,  leather  bound  journals, furnit
 is on the
additions on his house or strange and fun props to play with onstage.  Andy Horowitz
faculty as Artist in Residence at Binghamton University Department o f Theater.

�MARLON T ORRES is imported  from  Caracas, Venezuela.  Marlon  became a child star  in
Venezuela, dancing for several seasons on the popular  TV show, Sabado Sensacional. In the
United States he studied Musical Theatre at Tampa University and graduated with a degree in
Theatre  from  Binghamton University.  Before  joining Galum pha  Marlon performed with  The
Second Hand, and with the Lincoln Amphitheatre of Indiana.  He thanks his wonderful family,
friends, teachers and mentors for their support and encouragement. In the future, he would like to
return to Venezuela and foun d an Institute for the Performing Arts in Ca racas.
ERIN STAN LEY is in her junior year of a Binghamton University Economics major.  She has
performed with Ballet Arts Theatre, the Endicott Performing Arts Center, and Tri­Cities Opera.
Erin studies the martial art Tang Soo Do, and has won many competitive awards including First
Place in Women’s Sparring at the International World Championships in Cardiﬀ, Wales.  Erin is
a teaching assistant for Professor Fred Weiss’ Jazz Dance Class at Binghamton University .
GABRIELA RANALLO is a senior math major at Binghamton University.  A lifelong dancer,
she is Vice P resident of the Kickline Dance Team and Teaching Assistant for Pro fessor Fred
Weiss’ Jazz Dance class.  Gabby has extensive performance experience including a collaboration
with Galumpha in 2004 and a dance role  in Tri­Cities Opera’s recent  production of Lucia di
Lammermoor.

EMILY HOO PER is a philosophy major at Ithaca College and will graduate in the spring of
2006.  She  was  trained  in  classical  ballet  by  Tina  Christina­Price,  attended  the  Central
Pennsylvania Youth Ballet’s summer program, and danced with Ballet San Jose Silicon Valley in
California. This is Emily’s third artistic collaboration with Galumpha.

E32

­

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                    <text>BING HAM TON
l

:-.; I V E R S I 1 Y

State University of New York

D E P A R T M E N T

MU SIC FO R CE LL O,
PL US :
Ste phe n Sta lke r and Fri end s
Step hen Stalk er, cello
Michael Salm irs, pian o
Patri cia Sunwoo, violin
Mar gare t Reitz, pian o
Edw ard Cast ilano , doub le bass
The Cellistos

Sunday, February 26, 2006
3:00 p.m.
Casadesus Reci tal Hall

�PROGRAM
Duetto (1824) for cello and double bass ............ Gioacchino Rossini
( 1792-1868)
Allegro
Andante mo/to
Allegro
Sonata in C (1960) for cello and piano, Op. 65 ..... Benjamin Britten
(1913-1976)
Dialogo
Scherzo
Elegia
Marcia
Moto Perpetuo

~INTERMISSION~

Baschianas Brasileiras No. 1......................... ...... Heitor Villa-Lobas
(1887-1959)
for orchestra ofvioloncelli
Preludio (Modinha)

Trio in g minor for piano, ... ................... ............... .. Ernest Chausson
(1855-1899)
violin and cello, Op. 3
Pas trop lent, Animé
Vite
Assez lent
Animé

�PROGRAM NOTES
By the early 1820's, Rossini had established himself as the premier
Italian opera composer of his time, particularly with his comic operas:
L 'Italiand in Algeri, II Barbiere di Siviglia, La Cenerentola and La gazza
ladra. In 1824, he traveled with his wife, prima donna Isabella Colbran,
to London and dined with Sir David Salomons, a leading public figure
and an amateur cellist. It was here that he received a commission from
Salomons to compose a duet, to be performed by Salomons and the great
double bassist, Domenico Dragonetti. This hidden treasure remained
unpublished and in the possession of the Salomons family until 1968.
Benjamin Britten's Sonata in C for cello and piano was the beginning of
a fruitful collaboration between Britten and the Russian cellist Mstislav
Rostropovich., which resulted in the sonata, three suites for solo cello
and the cello symphony. They also concertized and recorded together on
several occasions, with Britten at the piano. This piece is a hidden
treasure because of the significant technical difficulties it presents to the
performers. Wish us luck! Here is Rostropovich's own description of
the Sonata:
"The first part is a dialogue. It is a sweet, yet stirring, literally
human conversation between two instruments -- the 'cello and
piano. Whenever I play it I actually feel this conversation, a
conversation not in words, but one that is finer and more intricate, a
conversation of capricious changes of mood, a conversation
embracing not words but a whole world of intermingled feelings
attached to every note. The older I get the more I like pauses,
especially those in Britten's music, which are as significant and
expressive as the notes. How few notes there are in Britten's
compositions, yet how much thought and feeling! The second
movement -- the Scherzo-Pizzicato -- is another innovation. It took
lots of time and energy for me to learn to play the pizzicato with my
right hand with guitar finger technique. When playing this, the bow,
naturally, has to be set aside. If I were asked what is most profound,
most stirring and full of symbolic drama, I would say the Eulogy.
Then that rousing, temperamental Marchi Is this not a brilliant
contrast to the Eulogy, a contrast so necessary for the general
sonata cycle, yet so unusual? And what about that fading end to the
March? The sonata cycle is brilliantly crowned by the fifth
movement -- the Moto Perpetuum, irrepressible and tempestuous.
This is a sonata full of surprises, innovations for any 'cellist, gifts for
the musician flowing freely from the horn of plenty. We meet not

�merely a novelty in finger-work but, what is most important, a new
kind of expressive and profound dramatic composition. In this work
there are two extremes that complement and strengthen each other -humour and philosophy. "

The series of nine Bachianas Brasileiras compositions by Villa-Lobos
were his homage to Bach. A loose translation of the name could be
Bachian Brasil Spirit. The movement titles reflect this mixture of
styles. For example, in the Bachanias Brasileiras No. 1: 1. Introduction
(Embolada), 2. Preludio (Modinha). 3. Fugue (Conversa). The
parenthetical titles are the Brasilian musical forms that inspired that
particular movement, while the non-parenthetical names are the forms
that Bach typically used. Villa Lobos was a cellist, who early on and
throughout his life, wrote music featuring the cello. The Bachianas
Brasileiras No. 5 for soprano and eight cellos is, by far, the best known
of this series. No.1, for an Orchestra of violoncelli, is the hidden
treasure.
It is often said that Ernest Chausson's music was influenced by Massenet,
Wagner and Franck. At first blush, this seems an unusual assortment of
composers. But in the context of the late ninetheen century musical life
in Paris, not too surprising. Chausson began his composition studies at
the age of 24 at the Paris Conservatoire. Soon after, he traveled to
Germany on several occasions to hear the operas of Wagner. In the
meantime, he was also attending Franck's classes as an unenrolled
listener.
The Opus 3 Trio is a remarkable early effort to combine these diverse
th
nd
influences. We hear Massenet in the lyrical melodies of the 2 and 4
st
movements, while the more complex and darker harmonies of the 1 and
ied
exemplif
style,
3rd movements seem to reflect Wagner. The cyclical
in Franck's music, is present via Chausson's use of the main themes of
the 1st movement, in constructing the 3rd movement and in their reprise in
the final section of the last movement. Why is this Trio such a hidden
treasure? Your guess is as good as mine. Enjoy the program!!!
Notes by Stephen Stalker

�ABOUT THE PERFORMERS
STEPHEN STALKER, cellist, teaches cello and double bass at
Binghamton University. He formerly taught at Colgate University,
Mansfield University, Ithaca College, and in the Binghamton City
Schools. He has performed extensively with the Catskill Chamber
Players of Oneonta, NY, the Finger Lakes Chamber Ensemble, and in
concerts at Binghamton University. He plays with the Northeastern
Pennsylvania Philharmonic and was the principal cellist of the Cayuga
Chamber Orchestra in Ithaca, NY.

Pianist MICHAEL SALMIRS, a founding member and artistic director
of the Finger Lakes Chamber Ensemble, is well known as a recitalist and
chamber musician performing extensively throughout the region. He has
appeared as soloist with the Coming Philharmonic, Binghamton
University Orchestra, Cayuga Chamber Orchestra, and has been a
featured pianist on their Sunday chamber series. As a performer of
contemporary music, he has participated in such series as Binghamton
University's Musica Nova, Cornell University's Ensemble X, and has
toured and recorded for the Syracuse Society for New Music. Salmirs
studied at the New England Conservatory and Eastman School of Music;
his teachers have included pianists Leonard Shure and Rebecca Penneys
and composer Karel Husa. Salrnirs has taught at the Syracuse University
School of Music and Hobart and William Smith Colleges. He is currently
a faculty member at Binghamton University and an Affiliate Artist at
Cornell University. He maintains a private piano studio in Ithaca and
enjoys teaching students of all ages and levels.
Canadian-born violinist PATRICIA SUNWOO made her New York
orchestral debut in 1995, performing Alban Berg's Violin Concerto at
Alice Tully Hall, and has since been active as a recitalist and chamber
musician throughout the United States. She has won prizes from the
Canadian Music Competitions, Montreal Symphony Orchestra
Competition, and CIBC Festival of Music. As a member of the Whitman
String Quartet, winner of the 1998 Walter W. Naumburg Award, she
performed to critical acclaim across the United States, France and South
America, recorded works of Artur Schnabel and Michael Whalen for
labels CP2 and . Arabesque Recordings, and was aired by NPR and
Japan' s NHK. Recent engagements include appearances at the Carnegie
Hall's Weill Recital Hall, Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., Bard
College, Meadowmount School and L'Espace Pierre Cardin in Paris.

�She has worked with composers John Corigliano, Joan Tower and,
George Crumb, and given premieres with the Whitman Quartet,
Metamorphosen Chamber Orchestra and new music ensembles. Sunwoo
is also an active advocate of music education, and has been a teaching
artist for the Midori Foundation, Da Camera Society of Los Angeles and
Carnegie Hall. In 2001, she joined the faculty at Binghamton University.
Her major teachers include John Loban in Vancouver, the Juilliard String
Quartet, and Sally Thomas at the Juilliard School, where she received her
doctorate.

MARGARET REITZ, pianist, is a native of the Binghamton area. She
received her Bachelor and Master of Music degrees in piano performance
with accompanying emphasis, and attended Boston University, New
England Conservatory and Binghamton University. She has studied
piano with Jean Casadesus, Victor Rosenbaum, Seymour Fink and
Walter Ponce and accompanying with Allen Rogers. She has
accompanied throughout the United States, England, and South America,
and at the American Institute of Musical Studies in Graz, Austria. Reitz
and Binghamton University faculty member Timothy Perry were winners
of the 1997 Artistic Ambassadors Program by the United States
Information Agency in partnership with the John F. Kennedy Center for
the Performing Arts. During the summer of 2005, Reitz, clarinetist
Timothy Perry and cellist Stephen Stalker were invited to perform at the
International Clarinet Conference in Tokyo, Japan. Other notable
performances include guest chamber music artist in Morges, Switzerland
and guest soloist with the Binghamton University Orchestra. She was
the official accompanist at the MTNA State and Eastern Division
Competition at Ithaca College in 2001 and will be returning in 2006. In
addition, she was selected to attend the Accompanying Workshop for
Singers and Pianists held at Northwestern University. During the
summer of 2006, she will compose the musical score for an independent
film by MANDiS Production, to be released in February 2007.

Since 1991, she has been on the faculty at Binghamton University and at
Ithaca College School of Music since 1999. Currently, she maintains a
private piano studio in Vestal, New York, is on the Executive Board of
the New York District MTNA organization, is past President of the local
Southern Tier Music Teachers Association, and is an active adjudicator
for the National Piano Guild Organization.

�EDWARD CASTILANO holds the position of Principal Bass in the
Syracuse Symphony Orchestra and has made numerous concerto
appearances with the SSO. Graduating in 1976 from the Eastman School
of Music, he participated for six seasons in Gian Carlo Menotti's Spoleto
Festival in Italy and Charleston, SC, where he made several appearances
with the Lincoln Center Chamber Players. He has also participated
annually in the Skaneateles Chamber Music Festival since its inception
in 1980. Mr. Castilano received a Masters degree from Syracuse
University in 2003 where he is a faculty member. He has also performed
with the orchestras of Philadelphia, Rochester, Spokane and Savannah.

The Ce/listos
Stephen Stalker
David Mordoff
HakanHromek
Miriam Wu
Emily Creo
Julian Shepherd
Lucy Loewenstein
Kenneth Jenkins

I

Il

�studen t
Thurs day, March 2 - Mid Day Conce rt with faculty and
free
perfor mers - 1:20 p.m. - Casadesus Recital Hall
o - 3:00
Saturd ay, March 4 - Maste r's Recital: Jessica Barkley, sopran
free
p.m. - Casadesus Recital Hall
- 8:00 p.m.
Saturd ay, March 4 - Maste r's Recital: Nili Riemer, sopran o
- Casadesus Recital Hall - free
- Anderson
Sunda y, March 5 - University Wind Ensemble - 3:00 p.m.
Center Chamber Hall - free
studen t
Thurs day, March 9 - Mid-Day Conce rt with faculty and
free
Hall
Recital
sus
Casade
p.m.
:20
perfor mers - 1
s - 8:00
Thurs day, March 9 - Harpu r Chora le and Wome n's Choru
p.m. - Anderson Center Chamber Hall - free
studen t
Tuesd ay, March 21 - Mid-Day Conce rt with faculty and
free
Hall
Recital
sus
Casade
perfor mers - 1:20 p.m.
- 8:00 p.m.
Tuesday, March 21 - Maste r's Recital: John Novak, organ
- First Presby terian Churc h - free
: Panel
Thurs day, March 23 - Mid-Day Conce rt (Russian Voices
Hall Recital
sus
Casade
p.m.
:20
1
s)
Discussion and Perfor mance
free
8:00 p.m. Friday , March 24 - Russian Voices: Protes t and Homa ge eniors; free
/staff/s
Casadesus Recital Hall - $9 general public; $7 faculty
for students
- I p.m. Saturd ay, March 25 - Senior Recital: Kelsey Bauer , flute
Casadesus Recital Hall - free
Casadesus
Saturd ay, March 25 - Trump et Ensemble - 4:00 p.m. Recital Hall - free
o - 8 p.m. Saturd ay, March 25 - Senior Recital: Michaela Lisi, sopran
Casadesus Recital Hall - free
- 7:30 p.m.
Sunda y, March 26 - Maste r's Recital: Julia Ebner , sopran o
- Casadesus Recital Hall - free

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                    <text>MUSIC  FOR  VIOLIN  AND  HARPSICHORD

Peter Marsh,  vi o l i n

Christine  Lindsay,  harpsichord

For  the  Beneﬁt of  the  Binghamton  Youth  Symphony

Tuesday  June  10,  1975

Casadesus  Recital  Hall
8 : 3 0   pm

�Sonata  No.  5  i n  F minor,
E E  1018  ............................  J.S.  R T ,

Adagio
Allegro
Adagio
Vivace

Sonata  0p.  9,  No.  IV  in  A major..........dJ.M.  Leclair
Andante  spirituoso
Sarabande
Largo
Allegro assai–  Presto

INTERMISSION

Sonata  0p.  5 ,   No.  VI  i n  C minor ........  J.M.  L eclair
(Le Tombeau)

Grave
Allegro  ma  non  troppo
Gavotta  grazioso:  andante
Allegro

Sonata  No.  6  i n  G major, 
,
B Y  1019  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J . S .  Bach
Allegro
Largo
Allegro

Adagio
Allegro

�NOTES

Johann  Sebastian  Bach  Sona tas  V  f  minor  and  V I  G  —_—  (BWV  1018–9)
In  h is biography  of  Bach,  J.N.  Forkel  says  of  the  s ix sona tas  f or  v io l in and
ob l iga to  harpsichord:  “They  were completed  i n  Cothen  and  can  thus  be counted  among
the  earl ies t  of  Bach’ s mas terpieces . . .The v io l in par t  demands  a  mas ter ;  Bach  knew  ,
the  ins tr umen t’ s  po t en t ia l i t ies and  spared  i t   jus t  as  l i t t l e  a s he spared  h i s

harpsichord .”  From  this we can date  the  sonatas  between  1718  and  1722,  In  la ter  .
years,  however ,  Bach mod iﬁed  their  or ig ina l  f orm,  making  al tera t ions  i n  the  ﬁ f t h
and,  more  par t icu larly,  the six th of  them, which passed  through  several  versions  ”
wi t h al terna te movements un t i l  i n  Le ipz ig  i n  1731 when  the  ﬁ n a l  version ,  to  be  "
played  this  evening ,  emerged .
As  to  mu s ic a l  s ta tur e,  these  Bach  sona tas  s tand  w i t h  any  set  wr i t t en by  any

composer .  The  ﬁ f t h  and  six th  i n  par t icu lar  are unusua lly  r ich  i n  contrapuntal
beauty  and  abound  in  ex traord inary chroma tic  movement.  They  are m a r v e l s  3–par t
wr i t ing  of  the  highes t  order .  The  f  minor  sona ta  i s  a  prof ound ly  ser ious  work  i n

con tras t ing  movements ,  The  ﬁ r s t  movement  i s  a  thr ee–par t  inven t ion o f  s o l e m n i t y

and  depth .  The  2nd  (Allegro}has a  vigorous  polyphonic  thrust.  The  3rd  movement
(Adagio)  has  a  marvelous  tex tural  combina t ion of  arpegg ia ted  32nd  notes  i n  the
harpsichord ,  an  ob l iga to  to  the  s teady,  8th  note,  vo ice–lead ing  chords  i n  the
v io l in .  The  Vivace  ﬁ na l e  f ea tures  a  chroma t ic  theme  dr iv ing  through drama tic
Dog
heavy  counterpoint . 
The  six th  (G  ma jor)  Sona ta  contrasts  the  brood ing  ﬁ f t h  wi t h br i l l ianc e of
the  ﬁ r s t  movement .  The  2nd  i s  a  shor t ,  dec lama tory  Largo .  The centra l move–

ment,  (3rd  A l l eg r o)  i s  a  Cemba lo  so l o  usher ed  i n  by  t he d om inan t  o f   t he pr ec ed ing

movement .  The  4 th movement  (Adag io)  f ea tures  orna te,  sinuous  l ines back  and  f or th
between  ins tr umen ts  w i t h  r ic h chroma t ic  movemen t .  A  b  m inor  movement,  i t  ends

wi th an  unusual  twis t  i n  D  ma jor ,  served  as dominant  f or  the  ﬁ na l e  Allegro ,  a
tr ip le meter  dance–like movement  wi t h unusual rhythmic  S A T   a o

Jean–Mar ie  Lec la ir  (1697–1764)  Sonatas  Opis  5 ,  no .  6  in  C since  “Le Tombeau1fand
~
Opus  9  no .  6  in  A  major 
The  Sona ta  known  as Le Tombeau  i s  representa t ive  i n  more  than  one  respec t  of
Lec la ir ’ s v io l in composi t ions , which undoubted ly mark  him ou t  as  one  of  the  fore–

mos t  mu s ic ians  of  h i s   t ime .  The  f a c t  tha t  t h i s  sona ta  was  one  of  h i s  f ew   to  sur –
v iv e  i s  c er ta inl y due  to  the mere chance  o f  i t s   t i t l e .   However  t he  t i t l e  was  no t
g iven  to  i t  by  Lec la ir  h imse l f , and  does  no t  appear  on  the,or ig ina1 ed i t ion .  The
term Tombeau  was  used  a t  tha t  time  f or  p iec es  wr i t t en  i n  homage  t o  a  mu s ic ian o r

to  h is music  af ter  h is dea th––  of ten ,  dur ing  the  16th  and  17th  centur ies,  pavans
i
(hence,  much  la t er ,  Ravel ’ s  “Pavane  pour  une  inf ante d é f u n t e ) ,  and  a lso 
espec ially  in  France,  allemandes,  graves,  or  other  slow pieces .  Lec la ir ’ s  con–
temporar ies  seem  to  have  g iven  t h i s   Sona ta  i t s  t i t l e ,  on account  o f  i t s  open ing

Grave which  quickly  became  popular ,  withou t  at  ﬁ r s t  a t tr ibu t ing  any  d eﬁn i t e
purpose  to  the work.  This  i n  turn may  have  been  why  the  Sona ta  was  perf ormed
af ter  Lec la ir ’ s death  (he  had  been  murdered  a t  night  c lose  to  h is house  in  Paris))
a t  the memor ia l  concer t  which h is colleagues­and  f r iends  presented  on  the  2nd
December ,  1764 . ‘  I t was  g iven on  tha t  occasion  i n  a  version  f or  several  instru–
ments  arranged  by  h is pup i l Dupor t ,  and  thus  the  Sona ta  became  a  Tombeau  i n  the  o
2
f u l les t sense  of  the word . 
OVER

�Regarded  as  a  whole,  this  four  movement  work  i s  a  sonata  da  chiesa ,  which
f orm  could  inc lude dance mov ements.  When  considered  more c losely ,  however,  this
work  proves  to  be so  grea tly  super ior  to a l l  i ts  forerunners  that  i ts  f ormal
or ig ins are  of  l i t t le account .  The  ﬁ r s t  movement,  the celebrated  Grave,  '
r eca lls Lu l ly wi th  i ts dotted  rhythms  and  demi–semiquaver  runs,  but  instead  of  the
sta tely and  ma jest ic  splendor  of  Lu l ly ,  thanks  to  the  subt le use  which Lec la ir
made  of  complex  chordal  rela t ionships,  combined  wi th retardations  and  ant ic ipa t ions
both  harmonic  and  melod ic ,  i t   i s  an  inward ,  cantab ile and  deeply–f elt movement.  '
I t  was  this aspect  of  Lec la ir ’ s music  which h is contemporar ies  sing led  out  f or
praise,  f or  example when  the  “Manure de  France”  referred  to  h is  in  1738 as  being
d ist ingu ished  f or  “le sentiment ,  l e  doux,  l e  t endr e'.  The  most  interest ing  and
s ig niﬁcan t movement  as  regards  f orma l construc tion  i s  the  last  which a lmost
corresponds  to  c lassica l sonata  f orm .  Reference has  of ten  been made  to Lec la ir ’ s
splendid  bass  parts,  which  f u l ﬁ l l  the basso  continuo  role  in  a  new  and  ind iv idua l
way .  In  this case  even  more occurs.  No t  only does  this  f ourth movement  beg in
wi th 17  bars  of  continuo  alone,  presenting  impor tant  thema tic  ma ter ia l;  the move–
ment  i s  also marked  by  the appearance  of  two  themes  on  i t s ﬁ r s t  sec t ion and  a
third  theme a t  the  beg inning  of  i t s second  sec tion––a  prac tice which  was  to  ﬁ n d
favour  wi t h c lassica l composers.’  F ina l ly ,  there  i s  a  f u l l y ﬂed g ed recapitula t ion,
a t  ﬁ r s t  wi th accompanying  arpeggios  of  the v io l in , wi th which  i t  backs  up  the
mus ica l argument  presented  i n  the bass,  then an  exac t  r e p e t i t i o n  the  bass
passage.  This  construc tion  i s  most  unexpected  in  so  ear ly a  work––the  Sonata  was
wr it ten  in  1734–~ and  the  result  i s  a lmost  a  c lassica l duo.  The  evolu t ion of  t h e
c lassica l  sonata  f or  v io l in and  piano  has  to  be  seen  in  a  new  l ig h t .  In  Vienna  '
the  v io l in was  added  to  a  more  or  less complete  keyboard  work merely  to  provide
contrasts  of  tone colour ,  and  the v io l in only  gradually  a t tained  a  greater  measure
“of  impor tance .  In  the  case  of  Lec la ir ,  on  the  o ther  hand ,  the  star t ing  po int  was
the  vir tuoso v io l in ,  wi th  the  harpsichord  f unc t ioning  as  i ts  independent  par tner .
S ig n iﬁcan t l y enough,  th is movement  ca l ls f or  less v ir tuosity on  the par t  of  the
v io l inis t  than  any  of  the other  movements.  Lec la ir  was  descr ibed  by  his con–
tenporar ies as  being  a  ser ious,  though tf ul man  to whom  a l l  f a lse applause  was
abhorrent .  Never theless  he  gave  ample scope  f or  v ir tuosity  i n  the  second  movement,
Allegro .  Although  this  i s  in  common  time, wi th i ts  tr iplets and  i ts exact  d iv ision
into  two  parts  i t  i s  c lear ly an  oﬀshoo t  of  the  Ita l ian  g igue ;  here,  too,  the  bass
par t  s t i l l  has more  of  the  old  continuo about  i t .   The  piece abounds  in  cascades
of  f ar–rang ing  arpegg ios,  which g l it t er  wi t h a  constant  wea l th  of  new  id eas .
The  mag ica l ,  gracef ul  and  del ica te Alterna t ivo  Gavotte,  wi t h a  midd le sec tion
in   the ma jor ,  demonstrates  the dancer,  and  ba l le t master  Lec la ir ’ s  great  love of
the dance.  Despite  i t s s tyl iza t ion and  decora t ion,  wi t h sex tolets,  groups  of  nine

no tes,  suspensions and  o ther  ornaments,  t h is p iec e  i s  s t i l l  a  pure  gavo t te ;  purest

in  the Alterna t ivo  sec t ion,  despite  the double  stoppings and  embellishments which
'
make  considerable  technica l demands  on  the v io l in is t . 
Lec la ir  was a lso a  man  of  let ters who  knew h is Ovid ,  V irg il , Mol iere and
Milton ,  as  is shown  by  the  library  which  he  lef t a t  h is death.  Dur ing  his  l if e–
  id e n t   from  t he
time he  en joyed  an  in t er na t iona l  r epu ta t ion ,  a  f ac t  wh ic h   i s ev

wr it ings of  Marpurg,  Walther ,  Hawkins,  and  others.  I t  i s  t ime  to  revive h is'

‘r epu ta t ion.

The  Sonata  in  A ma jor  Opus  9 ,  no .  6  comes  from a  la ter  opus,  one  of  Lec la ir ’ s

most  “v ir tuoso ”  sets .  I ts  br i l l ianc e contrasts  the  stern  qua l i t i es of  The
“Tombeau . ”

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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I P Y
STATE  U N I V E R S I T Y   O F   N E W  Y O R K

w i de
[4

D E P A R T M E N T

MUS IC
FOR
WIND S AND
PERC USSI ON

942
Q2.  .

W
nd i Sm
yphony
Robert G. Smith, Cond uctor

Sunday, April 25, 2010
3 :00 p.m.
Anderson Center Cham ber Hall

�THE PERFORMERS

PROGRAM
Bissau:

Rachel Serwetz

Windsprints (2004) 

..Richard Saucedo

(b. 1957)

J. S. Jig . 

. Johann Sebastian Bach
(1685­1750)

Arr. Brant Karrick
The Hounds of Spring (1980) 

.. Alfred Reed

(1921­2005)

Spring Divertimento (1992)...
l. Fanfare
Il. Hymn

.Timothy Mahr
(b. 1956)

F l u te

Rachelle Haddad (Principal)
Judy Kahn
Kathleen Spelman

Lindsay Ralbovsky

FLUTE

Kimberly Hom
Rebecca Falik
Raquel Goldsmith
Laura Demsey
Christina Peregrine

ECla
b  rinet

Kristen Weiss

lII. Scherzo
IV. Serenade
V. Dance
VI. Flourish

BClarinet
b 

Sarah Fenster (Principal)

Kyle Doyle
Kerry Goodacre
Mark DelloStritto

MNTERMISSIONc a

Vientos y Tangos ( 2004) ... 

..Michael Gandolﬁ

(b. 1956)

American Faces (1995). 

Eric Whitacre

(b. 1970)

.. David R. Holsinger
(b. 1945)

Brianna Palisi
Zach Stanco

Soparno Saxophone
Alaninxsmhnnsx
Alex Horspoal

Al
Saxophone
to 
Seonghek Kang

laneLSaxmhnnc

Dean Papadopoulus

Baotrine Saxophone
Stephen Collins

M o r m o n !
Nick Polaoca (principal)

Kevin Hannon

cnmﬁul

Ebﬂaﬂnetn
Anthony Kwon

Cornet

Kristin Hohn

BClarinet
b 
David Morrissey
Melissa Klepper
Mark Norman
Vanessa Kay

E 
Ho r n

Natalie Rivera

melﬂ

Kirstie Cummings

April Lucas (faculty)

Nick Quackenbush
Jonathan Calhoun

Abby Cohen

Equus ( 2000) 

Bas  Caln
riet

Brian Lee

Trumpe t I I I
Kim Metaxas (Grad. st.)
Samuel Weintmub

th e m !

Zack Birnbaum

£11911]!

Alexa Weinberg

Trombone

Jay Bartishevich

Immhnnan

Mogana Jayakumar

Baalmmmg

Anthony Frachioni

Eup
honium
Damon Dye (Grad. s t ,
Principal)

Andrew Kaufman

Tuba

Ma tt Gukowsky
Daniel Nevins

Piano

Jieun Jang

Percussion

Tom Elefante
Boya Gao

Adam Goldenberg
Ben Ramos
Andrew Williamson
Michael McManamon

�d Symphony.
ROBERT G. SMITH is  Music  Director and  Conductor of the University Win
sity  and  has
Professor  Smith  holds  degrees  from  Hartwick  College,  Binghamton  Univer
es advanced
o teach
ith als
completed course work toward the Doctor of M usical Arts. Prof. Sm
2 years as a
eer includes 3
instrum ental conduct ing an d grad uate w ind con ducting at BU .  His car
Christmas and is form er
public school music  educat or. He  conducts the  annual Tripl e Cities Tuba

United States. He has
conductor of the Maine Com munity Band, the oldest band of its kind in the 
ensembles Smith
guest conducted all­county bands throughout New York State.  Among other 
 United States
a, The
rchestr
has conducted are the Goshen College(IND) Wind Ensemble and O
the  Vestal
and 
Y) 
Army  Ground  Forces  Band(GA),  the  Southe rn  Tier  Conce rt  Band(N

al euphonium with th e
Comm unity Band(NY).  An act ive performer, he currently plays princip
ss

rown City Bra
Southern Tier Concert Band and tuba with the Brass Nickel quintet and the C
  Music  Educators
sextet.  Smith  is  the  immediate  past  president  of  the  Broom e  County
.  Professional
Award
 
Service
uished 
Association  and  recipient  of the  2005  BCMEA  Disting
w York State
the Ne
ation, 
Associ
membe rships  include The Broome  Coun ty Music Educators 
al  Band
Nation
The 
ence, 
School  Music  Association,  the  Music  Educators  National  Confer
ion
ssociat
orld A
Association, The Association of Concert Bands, The Conductors Guild, The W
iation and the
of Sym phonic Bands and Ensembles, The College Band Directors National Assoc
International Tuba and Euphonium Association

Bin gha mton U niversity  Mu sic Dep artm ent ’ s

U P C O M I N G  E V E N T S

F

I

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

É

'

Sund a y, Apri l 2 5 ”  Piano Extravaganza from the studio of
Michael Salmirs, 7:30 PM, Casadesus Recital Hall, FREE  '
T uesd a y, Apri l 2 7 ”  Percussion Ensem ble, 8 :00 PM – FREE
Anderson Center Chamber Hall
  id­Day Concert, 1:20 PM – FREE
Th ursd a y, A pri l  2 9 ” M
Casadesus Recital Hall
Th ursd a y, Apri l 2 9 ”  Brass Studio Recital, 8 :00 PM – FREE
Casadesus Recital Hall
Fri da y, Apri l 3 0 ”  Flute Studio and Flute Chamber Concert, 10:15 AM,
Casadesus Recital Hall, FREE
Fri da y, Apri l 30™ Saxophone Studio Recital, 4 :00 PM – FREE
Casadesus Recital Hall

For ticket information, please call the
Anderson Cen ter Box O ﬀice  at 777­ARTS

To see all events, please visit m usic. bingham ton.edu
Become a fan on Facebook by visiting
Bing ham ton U niversity  Music Dep artm ent

�</text>
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Program

the Campus
Music from

11, 1966
December

Date

9:00-9:30 PM

Airtime

Starts

7 1/2

speed

7

size

number 1 of 1

equalize

_

_

C O MPLETE ON T AP E

Cold

on tape
on tape
o n t ape
Attention Eng ineer: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

_

to be done live,
AV's

_ __

_

between music

c e r :
tape
n
l eader
Attention A n n o u

MMuHA.
n umber
reel

(at

BEGINS
ENDS:

UA;{

1 of 1

(at marker)

1

.......the Ave Maria.........
Music

marker)

leadertape
segue

h v e ax

number
reel

E NOS:

1 of 1

Cut 2

(at marker)

BEGINS:

(at marker)

leader tape

(at marker)

B E GINS:

E NOS:

timing

Selections from "Aspects o
live ax _ _ _ segue

nus Dei

of A
us Dei
Agn
Benedictions

(at marker)

marker

___ .. ,ue
paper live ax
Producer

E. Zore

engineer
Total timing

rec. date

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                    <text>BINGHAMTON

U  N  I  V  E  R  S  I  T  Y

State University of  New York

;

U N il v  ARC 

d

Recto! 
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D E P A R T M E N T

2 0 0 ,

G1 

 "“N _. \  In conjunction with the

Indtan Performing Arts of Binghamton

presents:

MUSIC FROM INDIA
Ustad Shahid Parv ez, sitar
Ramdas Palsule, tabla

Thursday, September 14, 2006
7:00 p.m.
Anderson Center Chamber Hall

�PROGRAM
Rag Yaman
I.  Alap
II.  Jor
III.  Jhala
IV.  Gat(s)

;

t

Thumrt or Dhun (To be announced)
Hindustani Classical Music
The origins of Indian classical music can be traced to the Vedas, a
set of four texts that comprise the foundation of the Hindu religion,
and were passed down orally until around 1500 B.C. when they
began to be written down. The texts comprise hymns not only aided
memorization, but also provided the foundation of Indian music. In
the ﬁrst few centuries A.D., the sage Bharata compiled a treatise on
music, dance, and theatre that provided the theoretical foundations
for  future  directions  in  Indian  composition.  Bharata  outlined the
organization of rhythm and meter into cycles made up of groupings
of beats now referred  to as  tala.  Every composition  is set  to  a
particular  tala  cycle  made  up  of  stressed  and  unstressed  beats.
Knowledgeable audience members may externalize the tala by a
system  of  claps  (tali)  representing  the  strong  beats,  and  waves
(khali) representing the weak beats.

Bharata also formulated the concept of raga, which is the melodic
system underlying Hindustani music. Ragas consist of a scale, as
well as a set of musical rules governing choice and emphasis of
pitches, melodic motion, and ornamentation.  Ragas normally are
associated with certain  times of day and/or seasons of  the year.
Bharata related each raga, to a speciﬁc rasa, or emotion. The eight
rasa  are love, humor, anger, compassion, valor, wonder, disgust,
and fear. The term raga means ‘color’, and ragas are supposed to
color the mind and stimulate listeners to emotional response. After
the writings of Bharata, wandering monks began composing sacred
hymns, known as Bhaj ans, in the raga and tala cycles formulized by
Bharata, which provide the source for many contemporary Indian
classical compositions.

]

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i

�From  this common historical origin, classical music in  India has
gradually  become  divided  geographically  into  Northern
(Hindustani)  and  Southern  (Kamatik)  traditions  since  the  13%
century A.D. The source of this diversion was the occupation of
Northern  India  by  successive  waves  o f   Muslim  conquerors
including Persian, Turkish, Arab, and Central Asian peoples. During
the  successive  reigns of  these  Muslim  dynasties, Northern  India
came to adopt and adapt several instruments, styles, and techniques
from Persian and Arabic music. Hindustani classical music, as we
know it today, took shape in the 16™  century A.D. in the courts of
the  Mughal  emperors  as  Hindu  musicians  began  to  seek
employment  as  court  musicians.  At  the  Mughal  courts,  Hindu
musicians mixed with Persian musicians, and they began to develop
a hybrid of both musical traditions. They also began to intermarry,
and  many  contemporary  Hindustani  musicians  have  Persian
surnames.
Through  time,  certain  families  of  court  composers  established
gharana,  or  stylistic  schools  of  performance  and  interpretation.
Eventually, these schools took on talented students from outside the
family,  spreading  the  inﬂuence  of  these  previously local  styles.
During the British colonization of India (1850­1947), many of the
courts were dissolved and musicians shifted their performances to
the concert stage, where they can now be enjoyed by all.

I

�ABOUT T HE INSTRUMENTS

Tampura
Tampu

ra is a long­necked lute, unfretted and round­bodied.  It has
four or ﬁve wire strings that are plucked op en one  after the other to
create a steady drone ambiance. The strings are normally tuned to
the 1%"  and 5™  scale degrees of the raga. The tampura articulates a
constant  drone,  to  melodically  frame  the  monophonic
improvisations of the musicians.

Sitar
The sitar is perhaps the most widely known (and heard) Hindustani
classical instrument. A typical sitar has 19 or 20 strings (depending
on the style) with 6­7 playing strings on top and 13 sympathetic
strings underneath the curved frets. The sympathetic strings vibrate
when  the playing strings are sounded, giving it a lush sound. The
curved frets  are moveable, allowing ﬁne  variation in  tuning, and
raised so that the sympathetic strings can run underneath the frets.
The  instrument  is  plucked with  a  wire  pick  worn  on the  index
ﬁnger, called (mizrab), and with the nail of the pinky ﬁnger. The
wide neck allows notes to be bended up to a ﬁfth interval on each
fret,  and  the  gourd  resonators  provide  a  rich  sustain.  The  sitar
originated from a Persian instrument that  was combined with an
older Indian instrument, the Rudra Veena. The descendance of the
Sitar from the lute  family of P ersian instruments makes it a distant
relative to the European lute.
Tabla
The  tabla  set  is  the  principle  percussion  instrument  used  in
Hindustani  classical,  religious,  and  ﬁlm  musics.  The  instrument
consists of a pair of hand drums of contrasting sizes and timbres.
The smaller drum, played with the dominant hand, is made from a
conical piece of wood and is often called a tabla. One of its primary
tones is tune d to a speciﬁ c note  of the raga, and thus contributes to
and complements the  melody. The larger  drum, played with the
other hand, is called bayan and is made of metal. It covers a lower
range  than the other drum. The playing technique for both drums
involves  extensive  use  of  the  ﬁngers  and  palms  in  various
conﬁgurations to create a wide vari ety of  diﬀerent sounds. On the
bayaﬂ, the heel of the hand is also used to apply pressure in a sliding

motion so that the pitch is changed during the sound’s decay.

l
I

ﬂ
!

�ABOUT THE MUSIC
Rag Yaman

l
l
5

Yaman is regarded  as one of the grandest and most  fundamental
ragas in Hindustani music. Yaman is usually one of the ﬁrst ragas
taught to students, however its intricacies can only be realized by a
master  musician,  and  consequently  students  continue  to  study
Yaman throughout  their lives. Scholars of Hindustani music trace
Yaman  to  the  16%  century  when  it  was  believed  to  have  been
introduced by either Arab or Persian musicians. Yaman is an early
evening raga (9 pm­midnight) and evokes a mood of serenity and
peace. Artistic depictions of the raga  often show a noble lord  in
white  garments  on  a  lion­throne  being  fanned  with  a  whisk.
Musically, the scale of Yaman is a major scale with a raised fourth
(the Lydian mode). The ﬁrst and ﬁfth pitches are usually omitted
during ascending phrases, and the favored notes are the third and
seventh pitches. Here is a notation of the scale in ascending and
descending modes:

4 

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4 

or 

. ,  

E

‘

M
 

°

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The instrumental performance tonight features an extensive opening

l

1

solo  sitar  sequence  known  as  Alap­Jor­Jhala.  The  alap  is  an
unmetered  improvisation  that  demonstrates  the  scale,  mood,  and
musical  rules o f the  raga. Normally musicians  begin  at  the mid
range of their instrument, and slowly descend to the lowest notes.
Then the alap progresses all the way up to the highest octave on the
instrument, and then back  down  to the  middle range. In the next
section, the jor, the musician introduces a sense of pulsation through
the  extensive  plucking  of  a  set  of  3  drone  strings  (cikarl),  in
alternation with stokes on the melody strings. Despite the feeling of
pulsation, this section is not bounded by a speciﬁc tala cycle. The
ﬁnal  part  of the  opening sequence,  jhala,  is a  climactic  section
featuring  extensive  strumm ing  of  the  drone  strings  often  using

sixteenth  notes  and  building  up  speed  to  a  thunderous  climax.
Depending on the skill and mood of the performer, this completely
extemporaneous  opening  sequence  can  last  from  10­40  minutes
(sometimes longer).

�Following the above opening sequence, the artist will play one or
more instrumental compositions known as gat. Gat are precomposed
melodies that are thoroughly developed using extensive improvised
runs that return to the main theme. G at are in a tala  cycle, and at this
point in the performance the tabla drummer will enter, often with a

rhythmic cadence timed to end on  the ﬁrst beat  of the tala cycle.
Often  the  sitar  and  tabla  will  trade  rhythmic  combinations  in  a
playful question and answer style. Normally an  artist will choose
from slow, medium, and fast speed gats in the same raga, although
they may employ diﬀerent tala cycles.

I

l‘
[

.

�ABOUT T HE P ERF ORM ERS
USTAD SHAHID PARVEZ KHAN is one of the most important

sitar players of his generation and a favorite concert artist both in
India  and  abroad.  He  belongs  to  the seventh  generation  of  the

famous Etawah gharana  (also  known as Imdadkhani Gharana) of
sitar playing. Shahid Parvez is the son of Ustad Aziz Khan, the third
generation  Imdadkhani  maestro, and a grandson of  Ustad Wahid
Khan, the Surbahar and Sitar virtuoso. Both father and grandfather
initiated Shahid Parvez into music: vocal and tabla at the age of 3.
By the age of four he started to learn Sitar and was soon recognized
as a child prodigy. A purist from the beginning, Shahid Parvez has
developed  a  style  of  his  own,  combining  the  Gayaki  and  the
Tantrakari schools of instrument  playing.  Gayaki ang  shows  the
inﬂuence of Ustad Vilayat Khan, his father ’s cousin.  Ustad Shahid
Parvez is a ‘top’ grade artist of All India Radio. He is one of the few
maestros  to  enjoy  global  reputation,  and  he  has  numerous  LP
records, audio and video­cassettes, and Compact Discs to his credit.
He  has  been  honored  with  several  awards,  both  national  and
international, and has participated in many major festivals in India
and  abroad,  including  the  Festival  of  India,  held  in  the  United
States, Canada, Russia. and Europe.
RAMDAS  PALSULE  is a versatile Tabla player and one of the
senior most disciples of the famous TalYogi  Pt Suresh Talwalkar.
Being an accomplished soloist as well as a versatile accompanist, he
has performed widely in all the eminent music festivals of India.  He
has toured with several  artists throughout the world including the
United  States,  Canada,  Germany, Australia, Africa and the  Gulf
Countries.  He  has  provided  accompaniment  to  vocalists  and
instrumental  music  including:  Santoor,  Sitar,  Moham  Veena  (an
instrument invented by the Grammy Ward Winner Vishwa Mohan
Bhat). His forte is Indian Classical music, which is unique in itself,
and is renowned the world over.

�Coming 

“Crents

Saturd ay,  Sep tem ber 16  – A Re union In R
ecital: Jud y Berry, soprano and
Timothy LeF ebv re, baritone  – 8 :00 p.m. – A
nderson Center Chamber Hall  ­
$15 general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $
7 students
Saturd ay,  Sep tem ber  23 – Master ’s Recit
al – Ste fanie Sudduth, soprano –
8:00 p.m. – Tri­Cities Opera Center, 315 Clinton
 St., Binghamton – free
Sunday, September 24 – Master ’s Recital –
 Andrew Sudduth, baritione –
8:00 p.m. – Tri­Cities Opera Center, 315 Clinton
 St., Binghamton ­ free
Thursday,   October  5  –  Mid  Day  Con
cert   with  faculty  and   student
perform ers – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Ha
ll – free
Saturd ay,  October  7–  Song  of  Silk : An 
Evening of  Chinese  Music  and
Dance – 8:00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert  The
ater ­ $12  general public ; $10
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Sunday, Octob er 8 – F rench Twist : An Af
ternoon  of Cha mb er Music – 3 :00
p.m.  –  Anderson  Center  Chamber  Hal
l  ­  $15  general  public;  $13
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Thursd ay,  Oc tob er 1 2 –  Mid   Day  Con
cert with  faculty  and  studen t
perform ers – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Ha
ll ­­ free  '

Friday, October 1 3 – Children ’s C onc ert : M
aking Movie Music – University
Symphony  Orchestra ­ 9:30 a.m.  – Osterhou
t Concert  Theater ­ $4.  This
performance is for school groups (Sponsored 
by The Discovery Center, Time
Warner Cable and the Binghamton University
 Music Department).
Saturd ay,   October  14  ­­  Children ’s  Con
cert :  Making  Movie  Music  –
University Symphony Orchestra – 1 :00 p.m
. – Osterhout Concert Theater ­
$5.  This performance  is for school groups. 
(Sponsored by  The Discovery
Center,  Time  Warner  Cable  and  the  Bin
ghamton  University  Music
Department).
Tuesday,  Oct obe r  17  –  Binghamton  Bar
oqu e  Ensemble  –  8:00  p.m.  ­­
Casadesus Recital Hall ­ $9 general public; 
$7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for
students
Thursd ay,   Oct obe r  19  –  Mid   Day   Con
cert  wit h  faculty  and   stud ent
perform ers  – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Ha
ll – free
Saturd ay,   October  21  –  Family  Weeke
nd  Concert   –  University  Wind
Ensemble, Harpur Chorale, Women’s Chorus 
– 3 :00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert
Theater ­ Free

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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
UNIV ERSIT Y
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK

MUSIC FROM THE
SEMINAR

Friday, May 3, 2013
7:00 p.m.
Casadesus Recital Hall

�PROGRAM
Sketch for Cello Quartet .......................... Emmanuel Sikora
Xander Edwards, cello
Paul Watrobski, cello
Eric Wuu, cello
Andrew Card, cello

Etude for Solo Cello ............................. ..... Christian Martin
Xander Edwards, cello

Variations on "Lo, How a Rose 'ere Blooming"Mark Summer
Paul Watrobski, cello

"Prelude" first movement from Suite ................. Peter Cody
for Unaccompanied Cello
Stephen Stalker, cello

Human Emotions for Cello and Piano ................ Wan Kim
Stephen Stalker, cello
Sungkyun Ryu, piano

INTERMISSION

�Piano Sonata No. 1............................. ....... Christian Martin
1. Largo Expressivo
2. Eerie, Otherworldly
3. Allegro Vivace
Christian Martin, piano

New River ............................. .................. ........ Peter Cody
Alexander Baron, tenor recorder

Veteran's Day Parade ............................. .......... David Gaita
Daniel Salinas, violin l
Carmen Johnson-Pajard, violin 11
Ben Pochily, viola
Lanra Andrade, cello

Spring Pools ............................. ...................... Peter Cody
Two Miniatures for ....................... ......... Emmanuel Sikora
Unaccompanied Chorus
1. Late Autumn
2. Jenny
The Altoids

�ABOUT THE PERFORMERS
PETER CODY is a graduate student in compositio n at SUNY
Binghamto n and studies with Professor Loy. He did his
undergradu ate work in compositio n at Temple University and
SUNY New Paltz. He worked with the Bucks County Center for
the Performing Arts, where he wrote music for events, scenes for
the actors, and ran a forum for local composers. He currently
teaches piano and compositio n in the Communit y Services program
at Dutchess Communit y College.

DAVID GAITA, a senior at Binghamto n University, began studying
piano at age 7, and composing at age 15. He has performed piano
solos, chamber works, and his own pieces in Manhattan ,
Barcelona, and throughout NY State. His music has been
performed by flutist Georgetta Maiolo, pianist Michael Salmirs, and
various Binghamto n University ensembles. He studies piano with
Michael Salmirs and compositio n with Christophe r M. Loy. He has
recently organized a flashmob-s ymphony for 25 musicians, which
took place on the Binghamto n University quad. He is currently
composing a score for the pilot episode of a television series
entitled "King's County," written by Andoni Elias-Nava. He will be
graduating this May with a Bachelor's degree in biology and music.
He plans to continue composing and playing piano, to begin
working in biomedical research, and to enroll in medical school in
the fall of 2014.

WAN KIM is a graduate student of State University of New York at
Binghamto n, majoring in compositio n, and he has studied with
Professor Christophe r Loy and Professor Paul Goldstaub. He
received a Bachelor of Music degree in Compositio n from KyungHee University, South Korea in 2006. He was awarded prizes at
many compositio n competition s; Contempor ary Music Society
Compositio n Competitio n 1st Prize winner, 36th Nanpa Music
Competitio n, DCMA (Daejeon Contempor ary Music Association)
Young Composer Prize winner, Daegu Internation al Contempo rary
Music Festival Young Composer Prize, and Korea Society of
Woman Composers .

CHRISTOPHER MORGAN LOY, composer-p ianist, has a catalog of
compositio ns which includes works for piano, voice, chamber
ensembles, chamber orchestra, full orchestra, and chorus. He

�earned the Doctor of Musical Arts in compositio n from Cornell
University in Ithaca, New York where he studied compositio n with
Pulitzer Prize-winni ng composers, Karel Husa (1969) and Steven
Stucky (2005). Loy has been a guest composer/p ianist in many
venues and recital series through-ou t the mid-west and New York
State. In 1987, Loy was a founding director of "EPICYCLE: an
ensemble for new music" based in Cleveland. This organizatio n
helped to establish a significant voice for new music in Cleveland.
His works have been heard and premiered in Cleveland, Detroit,
Houston, New York, San Francisco, San Antonio, and Ithaca. He
serves as Professor of Theory and Compositio n at Binghamto n
University and teaches piano and compositio n at the Communit y
School of Music and Art (CSMA) in Ithaca, NY. He is organist/
pianist at the First Baptist Church of Ithaca. Loy is a member of
BMI and the American Composers Alliance (ACA). Helianthus
Music Publishing Company publishes his music.

CHRISTIAN MARTIN received his Bachelors of Music from
Binghamto n University in 2012. He is now finishing his first year in
the compositio n masters program here at SUNY Binghamto n. He
has worked as a teaching assistant in music theory under Dr.
Christophe r Loy and has accepted a teaching assistantship and
tuition scholarship for next year. Upon the completion of his
degree he plans to work towards a OMA in Compositio n. He has
been commission ed as a transcriptio nist and arranger by Dr. Paul
Goldstaub and Schubertiad e Music LLC., and as a composer for
A.A. Michael Production s. He has won prizes in national choral
compositio n competitio ns with his works Walls of Glass, for
accompani ed SATB (2 nd place in Edwin Fissinger Choral
Compositio n Competitio n, 2011); and Purple and Pearl, for
accompani ed SATB (1 st place in the San José Choral Production s
Compositio n Competitio n, 2011). You may visit his webpage for
more information at www.wix.c om/theoryo fmusic/chr istianmarti n.

EMMANUEL SIKORA is currently completing his Masters in Choral
Conducting and Compositio n at Binghamto n University. He earned
his Bachelor's with a Concentrat ion in Compositio n from Queens
College, where his teachers included Edward Smaldone, Joel
Mendelbau m and Bruce Saylor. He is currently studying
compositio n with Prof. Loy.

�THE ALTOIDS
Jibron Harris 82
Daniel Fernandez 82
Joseph Keller Bl
Michael Celentano Bl
Matthew Pedersen T2
Thom Furey T2
Cole Tornberg Tl

Greg Keeler Tl
Denise Aquino A2
Katherine Sherwood A1
Danielle Stoner S2
Katherine Sucha Sl
Christina Santa-Maria S1

PROGRAM NOTES
SPRING POOLS for eight part mixed voices, is based on a melody by
Alexander Scriabin and sets the text of Robert Frost:

"These pools that, though in forests still reflect
The tota I sky almost without defect
And like the flowers beside them chill and shiver
Will like the flowers beside them soon be gone,
And yet not out by any brook or river,
But up by roots to bring dark foliage on.
The trees that have it in their pent-up buds
to darken and be summer woods
Let them think twice before they use their powers
To blot out and drink up and sweep away
These flowery waters and these watery flowers
From snow that melted only yesterday."
VETERAN'S DAY PARADE was performed by a student string quartet at
the Eastman School of Music, this composition is the culmination of David
Gaita's studies with Amazing Grace, having previously composed three
smaller and shorter versions of what might be called variations on the
hymn, for other ensembles.
HUMAN EMOTIONS FOR CELLO AND PIANO is written in A - B - C Cadenza - A' form to express different human emotions that appear in
life. Most people experience a variety of emotions in their daily lives, such
as anger, sorrow, and joy. Each musical section corresponds to a different
emotion. The first describes anger, while the second is sorrowful. The last
section represents joy and pleasure. To express the emotions of each
section, various musical elements are employed; a wide range of dynamics
for anger, a lyrical melody to depict sorrow, and a faster tempo and more
intricate rhythm to describe joy and pleasure.

�PIANO SONA TA NO. 1 expresses some of my deepest emotions. Unlike
my preludes, which express my appreciation and desire for the beauty
and tranquility of nature, this piece explores the two very opposite
human emotions of joy and anger. This sonata follows the traditional
fast, slow, fast three movement form. In the first movement the main
theme, representing anger, is introduced in silent contemplation. After it
is stated it is quickly thrown through a series of developmental variations.
The second theme, representing joy, is stated only once in the entire first
movement. Throughout the second movement, both themes fight back
and forth for the lead. In the third movement the second theme is the
melody, but the first theme comes back for one last time and both
motives, anger and joy. fight back and forth towards a climactic ending.
1WO MIN/A TURES FOR UNACCOMPANIED CHORUS were composed
last semester. I wanted to try my hand at choral writing in my ownlanguage. which I had not done before. After completing the first piece,
to my own somewhat haphazard poem, I had trouble finding the text for
a second. David Gaita, it turns out. had just written a short poem called
"Jenny" that he wanted someone to set to music. This I did, with great
pleasure.
Late Autumn

"Far removed from summers'
radiant warmth.
I beheld late autumn.
Murmuring from emotion.
For to see the wi ldwood so
endless.
Drifting into silence. Into
silence."
Text by Emmanuel Sikora

Jenny

Jenny did nothing but opened
the front door to her porch.
She simply sat down in a chair
and gazed out at the stars.
She sat for a while and the stars
did not change.
She went inside and shut the
door.
Text by David Gaita

SKETCH FOR CELLO QUARTET At about the same time as I was finishing
my Two Miniatures, Professor Loy told me about a cello quartet on
campus that wanted some new music to play. I worked on the Sketch off
and on (mostly off) for several months, completing it in March. I had a
very classical design in mind when I wrote it: that is, I consciously set out
tto write a piece that developed a single motif.

�Binghamton University Music Department's
Coming Events
Saturday, May 4 - Master's Recital: Molly Adams-Toomey,
mezzo-soprano - 8:00 p.m. - Casadesus Recital Hall - free
Sunday, May 5 - University Symphony Orchestra and
Chorus: Schubert's ''Unfinished Symphony" &amp; Durufle's
"Requiem" - 3:00 p.m. - Osterhout Concert Theater- $6
general public; $3 faculty/sta ff/seniors; free for students
Wednesday, May 8 - Nukporfe African Drumming and
Dance Ensemble - 7:00 p.m. - Wafter's Theater- $3 general
admission at the door
Thursday, May 9 - Student Recognition Mid-Day Concert 1:20 p. m. - Casadesus Recital Hall - free
Thursday, May 9 - Redta!/Masterclass: Guest Artist Vidor
Chavez Jr., clarinet- 4:30- 6 p.m. - Casadesus Recital Hall free
Thursday, May 9- Harpur Chorale and Women's Chorus 8:00 p.m. -Anderso n Center Chamber Hall - $6 general
public; $3 faculty/sta ff/seniors; free for students
Friday, May 10 - Junior Redtal: Kerianna Krebushevski,
soprano- 8:00 p.m. - Casadesus Recital Hall- free
For tickets or to be added to our email list, visit anderson.bin ghamton.edu or call
(607) 777-ARTS. For a complete list of our concerts call (607) 777-2592, visit
music.bingha mton.edu or become a fan on Facebook.
If you were inspired by this performance. consider supporting
the Department of Music with a financial gift. Your support
helps to continue the work of students, faculty, and guest artists
and their contributions to our community. Please make your
donation payable to the Binghamton University Music
Department, and send your check to BU Music Department,
P.O. Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 73902.

�</text>
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