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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  New York
. 

i 

—

P B  E P A R T M E N T
“

r

REUNION R ECITAL
with

Aaron St. Clair Nicholson, baritone
and
Todd Robinson, bass­baritione

J ody Sch um, piano

Saturday, December 1, 2007
8:00 PM
Anderson Center Cham ber Hall

�PROGRAM
I.

Don Quichotte a Dulcinée.
l.  Chanson romanesque
5 . Chanson epique
J . Chanson a boire

.Maurice Ravel

~

II.

Selected s o n g s o  ﬂ v o r G  u r n e \
1. Hawk and Buckle
~
By a Bierside
Blaweary
4. The Twa Corbies
5
In Flanders
“

Ll  U I M S Y

 

.

~

D e

III.

Charles Gounod
Selected arias from Charles Gounod Operas 
1. Sous les pieds d’une femme... La reine de Saba
5
A vant de quitter ces lieux ... Faust
3.
Vous qui faites l’endormie... Faust
4. Mab, la reine des mensonges  Roméo et Juliette
~

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�Chanson de Don Quichotte

I.

1. Chanson du depart
2. Chanson a Dulcinee
3. Chanson du Duc
4. Chanson de la mort de Don Quichotte

TRANSLATIONS
IL

.. Jacques Ibert

Don Quichotte &amp; Duleinée

Chanson Romanesque

I

Selected songs...
1. Lonely At The T o p
2. Living Without You
3. Louisiana 1927
4. Marie
5. Old Man
6. Political Science
7. Sail Away

II.

...Randy Newman

If you told me to be bored by
the number of stars in the sky.
I would tear the heavens apart,
Erase the night in one swipe.
If you told me that the, now
Empty space, doesn’t please you.
Chevalierdieu, with a lance at hand
I would ﬁll the passing wind with
stars.

III.

Opera Duets
Un segreto d’importanza. .. La Cenerentola........Gioachino Rossini
Once again the prince’s valet, Dandini, posing as Prince Ramiro, faces
Magniﬁco, who still believes he is the prince and insists he decide which
daughter to marry. Dandini confesses he  is a valet.  When  Magniﬁco
turns indignant, Dandini orders him out of the palace.

Falstaﬀ and Ford Duet..
The Merry Wives of Windsor

»

If you told me the eternal turning
Of the world, oﬀended you.
I would send Panza:
you would see it motionless and
silent.

...Otto Nicholai

Falstaﬀ has just returned from being hidden in a laundry basket and thrown into
the river to avoid  being caught  by the jealous Mr.  Ford  while ﬂirting with
Mistress Ford and Mrs. Page. This all results in great embarrassment for Falstaﬀ.
Mr. Ford, a.k.a. “Brook,” says he is in love with Mistress Ford but cannot woo
her as she is too virtuous. He oﬀers to pay Falstaﬀ to court her, saying that once

she  has lost  her honor he  will  be able to tempt her himself. Falstaﬀ cannot
believe his luck, and tells “Brook” he has already arranged to meet Mistress Ford
while  her  husband  is out. Falstaﬀ leaves to  keep  his appointment and  Ford
soliloquies that he is right to suspect his wife and that the trusting Page is a fool.

But, my Lady,  if you told me
that my blood is more mine, then
yours.
That reprimand would turn me pale
And, blessing you, I would die.
Oh, Dulcinée.

Chanson épic
Dear Saint Michael, who gives me
the chance
to see my Lady and to hear her.
Dear Saint Michael who gracefully
choose me
to please and defend her.
Dear Saint Michael will you decend
With Saint George to the altar
Of the Virgin in the blue mantle.
Bless my sword, with a beam from
heaven
And his equal in purity
And his equal in pity
As in modesty and chastity:
My Lady.

O Great Saint George and Saint
Michael
The angel who guards my watch
My sweet Lady, so much like you
Virgin in the blue mantle.
Amen.
Chanson a boire
Fig for the bastard, illustrious Lady
Who, for loosing me in your sweet
eyes
Tells me that love and old wine
Put my heart and soul in mourning.

I drink to pleasure!
Pleasure is the only goal,
To which I go straight...
When I’ve drunk !
Fig for the jealous, dark­haired
mistress
who moans, who cries and swears
Always being the pallid lover,
Watering down his his intoxication
I drink to pleasure!
III.
Selected arias from Charles
Gounod Operas
A vant de quitter ces lieux
O, holy medal
Which comes to me from my sister,
On the day of battle,
To guard against death,
Stay on my heart.
Before leaving this place,
Native soil of my ancestors,
To you, Lord and Kind of Heaven
My sister I entrust.

�Deign from all danger

Always, always to protect her,

This sister, so dear,
Deign from all danger to protect
her,
Deign to protect her from all
danger!
Delivered from a sad thought,
I will go in search of glory,
Glory in the midst of enemies,
The ﬁrst, the bravest,

In the heat of the fray,
I will go to combat for my country,

And if, to him, God calls me back,
I will watch over you loyally,
Oh Marguerite!
Before leaving this place,
Native soil of my ancestors,
To you, Lord and King of Haven,
I entrust my sister!
Oh, King of Heaven, look down (on
her),
Protect Marguerite, King of
Heaven!
Vous qui faites l’endormie
You who are supposed to be asleep,
Don’t you hear
Don’t you hear
Catherine, my sweetheart
Don’t you hear
My voice and my steps?
Thus your lover calls you
Thus your lover calls you
And your heart believes in him.
Don’t open the door, my beauty,
Till the jewel is on your ﬁnger! Etc.
Catherine, whom I adore,
Why refuse
To the lover who implores you
Why refuse such a sweet kiss?
Thus your lover pleads
Thus your lover pleads
And your heart believes in him.
Don’t give a kiss, my sweetheart,
Till the jewel is on your ﬁnger.

I.
Chanson de Don Quichotte

Mab, la reine des mensonges
Mercutio’s aria from Romeo et
Juliette

Mab, queen of falsehoods,
Presides over dreams;
More frivolous than the deceiving

wind;
Across space, across the night,
She passes, she ﬂees!
Her chariot, which the rapid particle

Draws through the limpid ether,
Made out of an empty nutshell
By an earthworm, the Cartwright!
The harnesses, a subtle lace,
Were carved from the wing
Of some green grasshopper
By her coachman, the gnat!
A bone of a cricket serves as the
handle
For whip, whose white lash
ls taken from a ray of light, which is
shed
By Phoebe assembling in her court!
Each night with this equipment

Mab visits, on her travels,
The husband who dreams of

widowhood
And the lover who dreams of love!
At her approach, the coquette
Dreams of ﬁnery and of dressing
up,
The courtier bows and scrapes,
The poet rhymes his verses!
To the miser, in gloomy shelter,
She opens her treasures without
number,
And liberty laughs in the shadows
At the prisoner burdened with irons.

Intermission

l

.

­

Chanson du depart
This new castle, this new building,
enriched with marble and porphyry,
where love built a castle for his
empire
and all of heaven added their skills,

a rampart, a fortress against vice,
is whose virtuous mistress hides
herself away,
that the eye beholds and the spirit
admires,
forcing hearts to her service.

It is a castle, made in such a way
that none may approach its door
unless he has saved his people from
the Great Kings,

victorious, valiant and loving.

No knight, no matter how
adventurous,
can enter without being such a

person.

Chanson a Dulcinee
A day lasts a year
if I don’t see my Dulcinea.

But Love, to sweeten m y

languishing, has painted her face

in the fountain and the cloud,
in each dawn and each ﬂower.
A day lasts a year
if I don’t see my Dulcinea.

Ever near and ever far,
star of my long journeys.
The wind brings me her breath
when it blows over the jasmine
ﬂowers.
A day lasts a year
if I don’t see my Dulcinea.

Chanson du  Duc

Here let me sing the lady of my

dreams,
who raises me above this muddy
century.
Her diamond heart has never known
a lie.
The rose hides itself at the sight of
her cheek.
It is for her that I attempted high
adventures.
My arm freed the princess from
servitude.
I defeated the enchanter and
confused the forsworn.
I bent the universe to pay her
homage.
Lady for whom I roam alone on this

earth,

the only one not a prisoner of false
appearances,
I maintain before any foolhardy
knight
your peerless brilliance and
excellence.
Chanson de la mort
de Don Quichotte

Don’t cry, Sancho. Don’t cry, my
good fellow.
Your master isn’t dead, he hasn’t left
you.
He lives on a happy island  where
everything is pure and there are no
lies.
He has found his island at last,
and some day you will join him on
this long­desired island, Friend
Sancho!
Books burn to piles of ashes.
If books killed me,
I just need one to live.
A phantom in life and real in death ­
such is the strange fate of poor Don
Quixote.

�ABOUT T H E  COMPOSERS
Jacques Francois Antoine  Ibert (August  15,  1890  ­  February  5,  1962)  was a
French  composer  of classical  music.  He  studied  under  Paul  Vidal  at  the  paris
Conservatoire and won the Prix de Rome in 1919 for his cantata Le poéte et la fee.
From 1937 he was director of the French Academy in Rome, and from 1955 to 1957
directed Paris’s Opera­Comique. He died in Paris.
Maurice Ravel (March  7,  1875 ­ December 28,  1937) was a  French  composer,
probably best known for his orchestral work, Bolero. He is also well­known for his
famous 1922 arrangement of Pictures at  an  Exhibition.  He was born in  Ciboure,
France (near Biarritz, part of the French Basque region, bordering on Spain). He
studied music at the Conservatoire de Paris in Paris, under Gabriel Fauré. He was
also  heavily  inﬂuenced  by  Debussy’s  impressionist  style.  Ravel  was  also  highly
inﬂuenced from music around the world including American Jazz, Asian music, and
traditional  folk  songs  from  across  Europe.  In  1932  Ravel  was  involved  in  an
automobile  accident  that  severely  reduced  his  health.  His  output  dropped
dramatically  In 1937 he had an operation that he hoped would restore much of his
health, but the operation was a failure and he died soon aﬁerwards. He died in Paris.

Charles Gounod (June  18,  1818  ­ October  18,  1893)  had  a particularly strong
inﬂuence on French composers from the middle of the 19th century. He was educated
at the Paris Conservatoire, where he won the Prix de Rome in 1837. His return to
Paris in 1843, aﬂer developing a wide knowledge of earlier and contemporary music
abroad, brought a position as an organist. He achieved considerable success in the
theatre, particularly with the opera Faust in  1859, but the Franco­ Prussian War of
1870 and a period spent in England, brought a largely unproﬁtable interruption.  He
dies in Saint Cloud, France.

Ivor G urney (August 28,  1890 ­  December 26,  1937) was born  in  Gloucester,
England. He began composing music at the age of 14 and won a scholarship to the
Royal College of Music in London in 1911. His studies were interrupted by World
War I in which he served as a private. He spent 16 months at the Front where he was
wounded in April 1917 and gassed in September of the sam e year. During the time he
spent in France, his poetic gift revealed itself and his ﬁrst book of poems, Severn and
Somme, was published in the  autumn of 1917. After his discharge from the Army, he
returned to London to resume his music studies. His second book of poems, War’s
Embers, was published in 19 19. Gurney was regarded as one of the most promising
men of his generation, both in music and poetry. He wrote hundreds of poems and
composed more than 300 songs as well  as instrumental  music, primarily  for the
piano. However, in  1922, the manic depressive  illness that had plagued him  from
early  adulthood  prompted  his  family  to  have  him  declared  insane.  He  was
institutionalized  for the last  15 years of his  life, and died at the City o f London
Mental Hospital.

Vincenzo Salvatore Carme lo Francesco Bellini (November 3, 1801 ­ September
23, 1835) was an Italian opera composer born in Catania, Italy  Foremost a lyricist,

Bellini, for many opera aﬁc ionados, was the quintessential composer of Bel canto

opera. Bellini was a child prodigy and legend has it he could sing an air of Firoavanti

at eighteen months, began studying music theory at two, the piano at three, and by the
age  of  ﬁve  could  play  well.  His  ﬁrst  composition  dates  from  his  sixth  year

Regardless, of the veracity  of these claims, it  is certain the Bellini grew up  in a
musical household and that a career as a musician was never in doubt. He died in
Puteaux, Paris, France.

Carl Otto  Ehrenfried  Nicolai  (June  9,  1810  –  May  1 1,  1849)  was  a  German
composer, conductor, and founder of the Vienna Philharmonic. Nicolai is best known
for his operatic version of Shakespeare’s comedy The Merry Wives of Windsor (Die
lustigen Weiber von Windsor). In addition to ﬁve operas, Nicolai composed lieder,

works  for  orchestra, chorus, ensemble, and  solo  instruments.  He  died  in  Berlin,
Germany.

Gioacchino Antonio Rossini (February 29, 1792 — November 13, 1868) was an
Italian musical composer who wrote more than 30 operas as well as sacred music and
chamber music. Rossini was born into a family of musicians in Pesaro, a small town
on the Adriatic coast of Italy  Rossini’s parents began his m usical training early, and
by the age of six he was playing the triangle in his father’s band. His best known
works include 11  Barbiere di Siviglia (The Barber of Seville), and ‘Guillaume Tell’
William Tell (the overture of  which is popularly known for being the theme song for
The Lone Ranger). After intensive work on the opera William Tell, he spent the last
40 years of his life composing almost nothing, possibly in part due to ill health.  He
died in Paris, France.
Randy Newman  Born on November 28, 1943, in Los Angeles, California. This

singer, songwriter, composer is best known for his well­crafted lyrics and appealing
melodies, Randy Newman is known for such songs as “Short People,” “I Love L.A.,”
“Mama Told Me Not to Come,” and many more. The nephew of three successful
Hollywood composers and conductors, he began studying the piano at age seven and
was writing songs professionally when he was 17  In addition to career in rock music,
Newman  began  composing  ﬁlm  scores, starting  with Cold  Turkey  in  1971  He
received two Academy Award nominations for his score and his song “One More
Hour” for the ﬁlm Ragtime ( 1981). His work on The Natural (1984) also earned him
nominations in both categories as well as a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental
Composition. Newman also garnered Academy Award nominations for his work on
Parenthood (1989), Avalon (1990), The Paper (1994), James and the Giant Peach
(1996), and several others.

�ABOUT THE PERFORMERS
Baritone  AARON  ST.  CLAIR  NICHOLSON  has  established
himself as an artist of the ﬁrst rank, winning praise  for  his superb
vocal gifts and the dramatic integrity he brings to his performances.
In 2006­2007 he made his Metropolitan Opera debut as Schaunard in
La Bohéme conducted by Domingo and, in December, as Papageno in
Die Zauberﬂote, conducted by Levine.  His 2006­2007 schedule also
included the title role in Don Giovanni for the Opera de  Montreal,
Valentin in Faust for Vancouver Opera, Mercutio in Romeo et Juliette
for  Opera  Lyra  Ottawa  and  Faure’s  Requiem  for  the  Atlanta
Symphony, a work  he  performed  at  the  Festival  de  Lansaudier  in
Quebec.  St.  Clair  Nicholson  opened  his  2007­2008  season  with
Mozart ’s roguish Don for New York City Opera, later in the season

repeated for Opera Lyra Ottawa.  He returns to the Opera de Montreal

for the title  role in II  Barbiere di Siviglia, to Vancouver Opera for
Marcello in La Bohéme and will  be heard in Rochester in Carmina
Burana  and  with  the  Vancouver  Bach  Choir  in  a  New  York
commission from John Estacio.

Rigoletto with Paciﬁc Repertory Opera; Frere  Laurent in Roméo et
Juliette  with  Sacramento  Opera;  Second  Armored  Man  in  Die
Zauberﬂéte  with Tokyo’s N e w National  Theater ; Dr.  Heidegger  in
Beeson’s Dr. Heidegger ’s Fountain of Youth and Luka in The Bear for
San Francisco Opera’s Adler Showcase; and Colline in La Bohéme for
San Francisco Opera’s Western Opera Theater tour. As a young artist,
Mr. Robinson has appeared as Bartolo in 11  Barbiere Di Siviglia, as
Colline  in  La  Boheme,  and  as  Mr.  Page  in  The  Merry  Wives  of
Windsor with San Francisco Opera’s Merola Opera Program.
JODY SCHUM is a  versatile  pianist  and  organist  originally  from
Windsor,  NY.  He  is  a  resident  pianist  with  Tri­Cities  Opera  in
Binghamton, NY, and has performed with the Binghamton University
Symphony  Orchestra,  Tri­Cities  Opera  and  on  numerous  solo  and
collaborative  recitals throughout the Greater  Binghamton area.  His
most recent engagement was performing and studying on fellowship
with the  International  Institute of Vocal  Arts in  Chiari, Italy.  Mr.
Schum  is the recipient  of the 2007 Virginia Pleasants Collaborative
Pianist Award at the Civic Morning Musicals competition for singers.

Bass­baritione,  TODD  ROBINSON’S  career  highlights  have
included Oroveso in Norma and Capulet  in Roméo et Juliette with
Virginia  Opera;  the  Commendatore  in  Don  Giovanni  with  Opera
Santa  Barbara;  Méphistophélés  in  Faust,  Dulcamara  in  L ’elisir

D ’Amore, John Falstaﬀ in The Merry Wives of Windsor, the Villains

in Les Contes  D’ Hoﬀmann, and Frére  Laurent in  Roméo et Juliette
with Tri­Cities  Opera;  Fiorello  in  II  Barbiere  Di  Siviglia, Haly  in
L ’Italiana  In  Algeri,  Dr.  Grenville  in La  Traviata, First  Soldier  in
Salome, and Second Guard in Dead Man Walking with Opera Paciﬁc;
Leporello  in  Don  Giovanni  with  West  Bay  Opera  and  Tri­Cities
Opera; Raimondo in Lucia Di Lammermoor  with  West Bay Opera;
Leone  in Attila and the Bonze  in  Madama  Butterﬂy with Sarasota
Opera; Bartolo / Antonio in Le Nozze Di Figaro with Syracuse Opera;
Alidoro in La Cenerentola  with Arizona Opera; Figaro in Le Nozze
and  Bartolo  in  Il  Barbiere  Di  Siviglia  with  Idaho’s  Opera  Plus!;
Basilio  in 11  Barbiere  Di Siviglia  with Indiana’s Rising  Star Opera
Theater; Horace in Regina with Lyric Opera Cleveland ; Sparafucile in

B o a _ 

 of eﬀi'fWNgm

 yatst r w vskteg.W
K
SG
 a TV! 
orp

�Coming 

‘Cents

Sunday, Decem ber 2 – University O rchestra : Sounds Behind the Cell uloid –

3:00 p.m. – Anderson Center Concert Theater ­ $9 general public; $7
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students

Tuesday, December 4 – Percussion Ensemble – 8:00 p.m. – Anderson Center
Chamber Hall – free
Th ursday, December 6 – Mid­Day Concert – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall
free
— 

Thursday, December 6 – Har pur Chorale and Women ’s Chorus – 8:00 p.m. –
Trinity Memorial Church, Binghamton – free
Friday, December 7 – Singing Chinese – 7:00 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall –
free

Sunday, December 9 – W ind Symphony – 7:30 – Anderson Center Chamber
Hall – free
$ t “ * * * # * t ¥ # t # * * # * * * *

Spring 2008
Sunday, February 1 0 – Romance, Fantasy, Tragedy – 3:00 p.m. – Anderson
Center Chamber Hall ­ $15 general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Sunday, Fe bruary 1 7 – A Tango for Two: Guest O rganists Annette Richards
and David Yearsley – 4 :00 p.m. – First Presbyterian Church, Binghamton. ­ $15
general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Friday, Fe bruary 22 – Master ’s Recital : LaToya Lewis, soprano – 8:00 p.m. –
Casadesus Recital Hall – free

Sunday, February 24 – M usics Nova – 3:00 p.m. – Anderson Center Chamber
Hall ­ $9 general public; $7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students
Saturday, March 1 – Un iversity O rchestra : Top Talent (Concerto
Competition Winners) – 8:00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $9 general
public; $7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students
Th ursday, March 6 – Mid­Day Concert – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall –

free

�</text>
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  N ew York
\ 

’

l \  . _ 
V

Yang 

D E P A R T M E N T

V I O L A  PLUS!

Roberta C rawford, viola
with
Jan ey Choi, violin
Stephen Stalker, cello
Michael Salm i rs, piano

November 16, 2007
8:00 pm
Casadesus Recital Hall

�ABOUT T HE PERFORMERS

PROGRA M
Five for the Flowers Near the River 

Stephen Paulus
(b. 1949)

The riverside ﬂowers are driving me crazy
A few here where the river is deep and bamboos quiet
Flowers engulﬁng the path, thousands weighing the branches
Butterﬂies move pause move pause, It ’s a dance
You ﬂowers have pity on a white­haired man

Sonata No. 2 in E­ﬂat, Op. 120............................... Johannes Brahms
(1833–1897)
Allegro amabile
Allegro appassionato
Andante con moto

WINTERMISSION®3

Trio for Violin, Viola and Cello.....................Ludw ig van Beeth oven
(1770­1827 )
in E­ﬂat, Op. 3 
Allegro con brio
Andante
Menuetto: Allegretto

Adagio
Menuetto: Moderato
Finale: Allegro

ROBERTA  CRAWFORD, violist,  performs extensively as a  recitalist
and chamber musician. A s associate director and a founding member of
the Finger Lake Chamber Ensemble, Ms. Crawford has participated in
over one hundred solo, chamber, and lecture­recital s presented by  the
ensemble since its formation in 1990. She has performed with the Catskill
Chamber Players, appeared frequently on the Cayuga Chamber Orchestra’s
Sunday  Chamber  Music  Series  and  has been  a  guest  artist  with  the
Ariadne  String Quartet. Ms. Craw ford’s orchestral experience  includes
performances with the Portland and Syracuse symphonies as well  as the
Skaneateles Festival Orchestra, and she has served as principal violist for
the Cayuga C hamber Orch estra. An adv ocate of new music, Ms. C rawford
has premiered numerous works featuring viola and has been the dedicatee
o f  several works written speci ﬁcally for her. She has participated in  music
festivals  throughout  the  United  States  and  in the  Caribbean  and  has
appeared in l ive performance broadcasts for public radio and telev ision. A
dedicated  teacher, Ms.   Crawford  has  served  as  clinician,  coach,  and
adjudicator for numerous music organizations, as Director of ViolaFest at
Binghamton  and  is  an  artist  faculty  member  with NYASTA ’s  String
Institute at Ithaca College. She has been a guest faculty member at Phillips
Academy, the Quartet Program, Ithaca College, and th e Eastman School
of Music and is Coordinator o f Strings at Binghamton Uni versity
Canadian­born violinist JA NEY C H O I  joined the faculty of Binghamton
University in 2006. Dr. Choi attained her Doctor of Musical Arts degree at
Rutgers  University,  studying  with  Arnold  Steinhardt,  and  holds  her
Bachelor and Masters degrees from The Juilliard School where her major
teachers were Joseph Fuchs and Joel Sm irnoﬀ.  She gave her Carnegie Hall
recital debut in 1997 as a winner of the Artists International Auditions and
continues an active perform ing career as a recitalist, chamber, and orchestral
musician throughout the country and abroad. She has participated in such
festivals as Mostly Mozart, Juilliard’s Focus Festival, Norfolk, Taos, the
Spoleto Festi vals, Festival Musical de Santo Domingo, the Santa Fe Opera
and the Sarasota Opera. An avid inter­arts and cross­genre collaborator, she
is the Music Director of Thomas/Ortiz Dance, and has performed numerous
times with the Parsons Dance Co. at the Kennedy Center in Washington,
D.C.  She has recorded and appeared with such mainstream performers as
Bono and Quincy Jones, Enya, Elton John, Sarah McLachlan, Lisa Loeb,
Kanye West, Jay­Z and Beyoncé. Ms. Choi is a Teaching Artist for the New
York Philharmonic, Lincoln Center Institute, Chamber Music  Society of
Lincoln Center and the Bloomingdale School of Music in New York City.

�Cage, Virgil Thomson, Lou Harrison and George Crumb.  The Chamber Players
appeared at Weill Recital Hall,  premiering a set of four string quartets by Henry
Brant. With violinist, Janet Brady, and pianist, Walter Ponce, he performed the
complete Beethoven Trio cycle at SUNY ­Binghamton. He performed with Solisti
New  York  on  their  Alaskan  cruise  of the  Inner Passage  from  Vancouver  to
Juneau.  As a member of the Madison String Quartet, he  was a ﬁnalist in the
Naumberg  Chamber  Music  Competition  in New  York  City  and  the  Evian
lntemational String Quartet Competition in Evian, France. He has performed in
many recital appearances with pianist, Michael Salmirs. He performs regularly
with the  Trio  Amici,  Trilogy, Baroque  ‘n Blue, Early  On and  in concerts  at
Binghamton University.  He is a past president of the New York State Chapter o f
the  American String  Teachers Association and was Strings  Chair for the New
York  State  School Music  Association.  He  is a founder of the  Southern  Tier
Music Teachers Association and the Binghamton Cello Festival. He is a graduate
of the Manhattan School of Music in New York City
Pianist MICHAEL SALMIRS, a founding member and artistic director of the
Finger Lakes Chamber Ensemble,  is  well known as a recitalist  and chamber
musician. He has appeared as soloist with the Corning Philharmonic, Binghamton
University Orchestra, Cayuga Chamber Orchestra, and  is  frequently a featured
pianist on their Sunday Chamber Series. In  addition to performing most of the
standard  chamber  music  repertoire  for  strings  and  piano,  he  has  premiered
numerous solo and chamber works, and recently  gave the  world premieres o f
David Liptak ’s and Marek Harris’ Piano Quintets.  He has also participated in
such  contemporary  music  series  as  Binghamton  University ’s  Musica  Nova,
Cornell University ’s Ensemble X, Chiron, and has toured and recorded for the
Syracuse Society for New Music.

{

n 

I ’ .
:  §

a new weekly series

efaturing art and  artiety

 fohte local regia.

stay tuned ty WSKG  T17
wrskg.org

�</text>
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                    <text>TON
BINGHAM
E R S I T Y
U N I V

State University of  New York

Zed eC

DNXV  A R C
\ 
Re 

oi 

 

O

o

o

D E P A R T M E N T

TEX
&lt; 

S

“¥“

Y

E

N

A

  P E

 \

R

—

TH UR SD AY

MID­DAY CONCERT

8
Thursday, November X  2007
1:20 p.m.
Casadesus Recital Hall

�–­  wmv  pru gian we present an
 afternoon o f dance­drumming
 from
southern  Ghana.  These  ensem
bles  are  the  collective  work 
the
Beginning  and  Advanced  sectio
ns  of  African  Dance  (THEA
289J/389J;AFST 289J/389J) and
 both sections of the African Mu
sic
Ensemble (M US  143B/MUSP 2
57;AFST 188B).  These courses 
are
oﬀ

Ad vanced  African  Dance /A fric

IV.

ered each semester through the De
partments of Africana Studies,
Music, and Theatre Dance.
Be ginnin g A fri can  Dance /A fric

I.

II.

an Music  Ensem ble  Section I

Gahu.  Gahu  is  a  neo­tradition
al  dan
adopted and adapted by the Ewe p ce  that  has  been
eople of Ghana. It is
an oﬀshoot of the Gome dance, 
a Pan­Atlantic African

dance  form  that emerged in t
he  19™
synthesis of European  hymns  and   century  from  the
  marches  with  West
African  musical sensibilities. T
he  name Gahu suggests
an airplane, and represents local
 ex
technology and culture. The song periences with new
s are  often  humorous
and fun, suggesting themes of co
urtship and celebration.
Kpatsa. This dance comes from 
a neighboring group of
the Ewe, known as the Ga­Adan
gbe. They share many
linguistic and cultural aﬀinities w
ith the Ewe, and these
two groups have historically inte
racted with each other.
The characteristic movement of 
Kpatsa is a limping gait
that im itates the  movements o f d
warfs, a m agical race of
beings  which  inhabit  rural  are
as 
movements were embellished  wit in  Ghana.  These
h dance combinations
and eventually  became a social a
nd recreational dance
known  as  Kpatsa,  whose  nam
e  is  an  onomatopoeic
reference  to  the  mo
vem ent  of  dwarfs. 

III.

’

Sikyi. This dance is another neo–
contemporary dance of
the Akan people of southern and
 central  Ghana. Sikyi,
pronounced see chee, forms the 
rhythmic foundation of
Ghanaian Highlife music,  the pr
imary style of popular
music in Ghana.

V.

an Music  Ensem ble Section I

Ag bekor. Agbekor is a war danc
e o f the Ewe people of
. Ghana.  As  the drummers  and
  dancers  proceed  to  the
stage  in  traditional  fashion,  the
y sing
calls the warriors to battle against t  a  war song that
he European colonial
powers. The second song memori
alizes the great warrior
Kundo who led warriors into bat
tle and has been killed.
This was originally a war dance o
f the Ewe people. The
mo vem ents im itat e m om ents o
f th e battl e, and  follow the
drum language o f the lead drum,
 atsimevu.

Sohoun.  Sohoun  is  an  Ewe­Fon 
sacred dance  used  to
open  a  ceremony  of  the  Yeve 
shrine.  The  original
movements  danced  at  the 
shrine  inspired  the
choreography for  this folkloric 
version,  created by  Dr.
Opoku for the Ghana Dance En
sem ble.

* * * * t * * * * * * *
* * * * * # * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * *

PERFORMERS
Dances Directed and Choreograph
Pierrette Aboadji, Department of T ed by
heatre Dance
B E G I N N I N G  DANCE­CLASS

Kerleen  Beaubrun, Maryam Belly
, Treval  Blair,  Susan Chen,
Leena Daniel, Lleny De La C ruz
, Lauren Fredericks, Delphine
Hyppolite,  Jacinta  James,  Mo
renike  Jegede,  Angelito  Jusay,
Ghita  Laghrari,  Kayla  Lewis, 
Qing  Lin,  Adrienne  Martian,
Sheena O ’Connor, Katiusca Ortiz
, Tamara Pitter, Rubi Ramirez,
Larissa Reyes, Ebony Richardson
, Sultana Rosario, Ceion Scott,
Lauren Scott, Ashley Titus, Geral
dine Toussant, Diana Trochez,
Krystal Velez, Mariah Watson, 
Maame Wentum, Jessica Wilks,
Tamara Williams

�A D V A N C E D  DANCE­CL ASS

Wales  Cruz,  La­toya
Alexandria  Blackman,  Tristin  Cadle, 
tuska  Im perial,  Laura
Foster,  Lisa  Gil,  Sasha  Gordon,  Ka
t, Marcel March, Anne
Johnson, Tyshema Kindell, Latoya Knigh
rre, Paul Reyes, Pamela
Mulcahy, Angela Perrier, Vanessa  Pie
on, Coralina  Urena,
rch
To
th 
rdi
Ga
s, 
are
Su
ly 
ber
im
 K
na,
Santa
Weeks
Elba Vandunk, Sabina Virgilio, Casandra 

Drumming directed and arranged by and Africana Studies
James Burns, Departments of  Music 

AFRICAN MUSIC ENSEMBLE SECTION I
ler,  Hannah  Wittmer,
Trevor  Ellis,  Brad  Koegel,  Kim  Kreid
Samuel Young, Asuno Udoh.

AFRICAN MUSIC ENSEMBLE SECTION I I
eaton Rood, Theodore
Starleana Holmes, Sung­Hoon Hwang, K
y, Caroline Todman
Trembinski, Amber Rivers, Samuel Yagg

&gt;

GAN

AND  ­
Mixed)

GROUPS/

Ee
'  e m  
e

° 

n u

Sedeed d d )

e M o n ­ w h i n e .

�</text>
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  New York

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MUSIC DEPARTMENT

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S OCIETY O F  B I N G H A M T O N
PRESENT

AN E VENING O F  H INDUSTA NI
CLASSICAL MUSIC
FEATURIN G:

KAIVALYA K UMAR , VOCAL
with
Sham Kan e, tabla
Ravindra Katoti, Harmoni um
Wednesday October 31, 2007
7:00 p.m.
Anderson Center Chamber Hall

�PROGRAM

singing will be extremely fast and virtuosic. The whole performance

Note: In Indian Classical Music, the performer will announce the

of khyal may last from 20­40 minutes depending on the inspiration
of the artist.

chance to choose pieces which reﬂect the mood of the event and the
feelings of the artists. Nevertheless, the performance will follow this
basic format:

Most bada khyal bandish are set in tintal, a 16­beat cycle divided
into 4 sets of 4 beats (4/4/4/4). Its notation in stressed (X=clap) and
unstressed (O=wave) beats is:

speciﬁc  program  at  the  time  o f  performance  t o  allow  them  the

Khyal (Raga to be announced)
I.  Alap
II.  Bada Khyal usually in tintal
III. Chota Khyal usually in ektal
One or more ‘light’ classical pieces to conclude­ see below.
Hindustani Classical Music
The origins of Indian classical music can be traced to the Vedas, a

set of four texts that comprise the foundation of the Hi ndu religion,

and  were  passed  down  orally  until  around  1500  BC  when  they
began to  be  written down. The texts comprise hymns, which not
only aided memorization, but also provided the foundation of Indian
music. In the ﬁrst few centuries AD, the sage Bharata compiled a
treatise on music, dance, and theatre that provided the theoretical
foundations  for  future  directions  in  Indian  composition.  Bharata
outlined the organization of rhythm and meter into cycles made up
of groupings of beats now referred to as tala. Every composition is
set to a particular tala cycle made  up of stressed and  unstressed
beats. Knowledgeable audience members may externalize the tala
by a system of claps (tali) representing the Strong beats, and waves
(khali) representing the weak beats. The tala cycles for each of the
pieces tonight have been notated below.
Bharata also formulated the concept of raga, which is the melodic
system underlying Hindustani music. Ragas consist of a scale, as
well as a set of musical  rules governing choice and emphasis of
pitches, melodic  motion, and ornamentation.  Ragas normally are
associated  with  certain times of day  and/or  seasons of the  year.
Bharata related each raga, to a speciﬁc rasa, or emotion. The eight
rasa are love, humor, anger, compassion, valor, wonder, disgust,
and fear. The term raga means ‘color’, and ragas are supposed to

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Most chota khyal bandish are in ektal, a 12 beat cycle divided into 6
sets of 2 beats (2/2/2/2/2/2). Its notation is:
1

X 

2

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3

 4 1 5   1

a

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1

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­  J X

­  J O   ­  1  X 

­  [  X 

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&amp;

‘Light’ Classical Pieces
After  an  intense  performance  of  khyal,  both  performers  and
audience  normally  wind  down  the  intense  emotional  level  by
enjoying  one  or  more  light  classical  pieces.  These  allow  the
performer  to  draw  on  popular  melodies  from  folk  and  religious
sources, which do not have the same type of demanding structures
as khyal. Some possible genres the artist might choose from include:

Thumri, a genre of “light” classical music that evolved from songs

performed  to  accompany  erotic  dances  by  courtesans  to  a  more

serious style  that  came to  accompany the kathak  classical  dance
during the period of about 1770­1870 A.D. Eventually in the court
of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Lucknow (r. 1847­1856) thumri was
elevated  to  a  court  genre  that  featured  female  singers  who
entertained  male  audiences  in  a  manner similar  to  the Japanese
Geisha. In  the early 20” century the courtesan tradition  fell  into
disrepute, under the pressures of the British colonial regime as well
as in the eyes of the largely Western­educated Indian middle­class.
Thumri  singers  could  no  longer  support  themselves,  so  khyal
performers took over the artistic singing of thumri. Th umri bandish

�ABOUT THE MUSIC
Khyal
Khyal (‘imagination’)  is the most  frequently  performed  genre  of
Hindustani vocal music. It was developed in the early decades of the
18™  century  by the  musician  Nyamat  Khan  in  the  court  of  the
Mughal  Emperor  Muhammad  Shah (r.  1719­1748). Compared  to
Dhrupad,  the  other  more  ancient  genre  of  vocal  music,  khyal
features greater use of improvisation, including rapid melodic runs,
known as tan, and this facet was perhaps responsible for its name,
loosely  translated  as  ‘imagination’.  This  increased  use  of
improvisation  is  believed  to  have  been  drawn  from  Muslim
devotional  hymns  known  as  gawwali.  In  contemporary
performance, the Khyal is considered the main event, and is oﬁen
followed  by  some  “light”  classical  genres  such  as  Thumri  and
Bhajan to wind the performance down.

Khyal compositions, known as bandish, are made up of a few lines
of text set to the melodic rules of the raga, and the metric rules of
the tala. There are only two sections, the ascending (sthayi), where
the melody ascends the scale, and the descending (antara), where
the melodic motion descends the scale. From this minimal kernel of
pre­composed  material,  the  artist  must  develop  the  piece  with
extensive improvisation using both the syllables of the text, sol­fa
type syllables (known as sargam), as well as pure vowel sounds. In
this way, khyal may be cautiously compared to a Jazz composition,
where a singer will sing the regular piece straight through and then
use  scat­singing  to  improvise  before  returning  to  the  original
composition.

In  performance,  the  singer  usually  begins  with  an  alap,  an

unmetered, introductory improvisation that is meant to introduce the

notes and melodic rules of the raga. During this portion, which may
last from 30 seconds up to 5 minutes, the tabla drummer does not
play as it is in free rhythm. This is then followed with a bandish in
slow­medium tempo known as bada khyal (‘big khyal’). The bada
khyal  will  be in a tala cycle, highlighted  by the entrance of the
drummer. Following this composition, without a pause, will  be a
diﬀerent bandish in a fast tempo and in a diﬀerent tala, known as
chota  khyal  (‘small  khyal ’).  By  the  end  of  the  chota  khyal  the

tones is tuned to a speciﬁc note o f the raga, and thus contributes to

and  complements the melody. The larger  drum, played  with the
other hand, is called bayan and is made of metal. It has covers a
lower range than the other drum. The playing technique for both
drums involves extensive use of the ﬁngers and palms in various
conﬁgurations to create a wide variety of diﬀerent sounds. On the
bayan the heel of the hand is also used to apply pressure, in a sliding
motion, so that the pitch is changed during the sound’s decay.
Sham  Kane  has  accompanied  many  legendary  Indian  musicians
including Ali  Akbar Khan, and has also worked in  fusion groups
such as blues saxophonist John Handy’s group which included Ali
Akbar Khan and L. Subramaniam.
Ravindra Katoti­Harmoni um
The harmonium is not a native Indian instrument, but was imported
from Europe during the 1 9” century. It is a reed organ with hand
pumped bellows. Although it is a relatively recent introduction, it
has spread throughout the subcontinent. Today, it is used in virtually
every musical genre except the south Indian classical music, which
uses extensive microtonal notes that cannot be played on a ﬁxed
pitch  instrument.  While  the  keyboard  is  European,  the  Indian
harmonium has added a number of extra drone reeds.

Born in a family of music lovers in the year 1969, Ravindra started
learning Hindustani classical Harmonium at the age of eight. Since
then  he  has  been  the  disciple  of  Pandit  Rambhau  Bijapure,  a
Harmonium exponent of our times. The blessings and guidance of
his  Guru,  and  his  own  sincere  eﬀorts  have  molded  him  into  a
versatile  and  brilliant  Harmonium  player.  Ravindra  has  also
established  himself as an able  accompanist  and  received  acclaim
from  many  of  the  top  performing  vocalists,  organizers  and
connoisseurs as well. He has several cassettes and CDs to his credit.
He  has performed  throughout the country and  abroad,  both as a
soloist and an accompanist. He has accompanied many of the top
ranking vocalists of the country including Dr. Gangubai Hangal, Pt.
Bhimsen Joshi, Pt. Jasaraj, and  Pt. Yashavantbua Joshi, Pt. Ajoy
Chakraborty, Pt. Ganapati Bhat, Ustad Rashid Khan, Smt. Ashwini
Bhide, Smt. Shubha Mudgal and Smt. Jayashree Patnekar.

�Comin g Even ts
Thursday,  Novem ber  1  –  Mid­Day  Concert  –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Friday, Novem ber 2 ­­ M aster ’s Recital – Daniel Sofer, piano – 8:00 p.m.

– Casadesus Recital Hall – free

Saturday,  Novem ber 3 – C larinet Trio Recital – 8:00 p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Thursday,  Novem ber  8  ­  Mid­Day  Concert  –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall ­ free

Thursday, Novem ber 8 – Binghamton Baroque  Ensem ble – 8:00 p.m. ­­
Casadesus Recital Hall – $9 general public; $7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $1 for
students
Saturday,  Novem ber 10 – U niversity Chorus : Words and Music – 8:00
p.m. ­­ Anderson Center Concert Theater – free
Thursday,  Novem ber  1 5 –  Jazz Mid­Day  Concert  with  bassist  Tony
Marino – 1:20 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater – free
Th ursday, N ovem ber 1 5 –  Har p ur Jazz M id­Day Co ncert with   bassist

Tony Marino – 8:00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $9 general public;

$ 7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students

Friday, N ovem ber 1 6 – Viola  Plus!  Ro berta Cra wford Viola  Recital –

8:00  p.m.  –  Casadesus  Recital  Hall  ­  $9  general  public;  $7
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $1 for students

Sunday, Novem ber 1 8 – Conce rto Competition Auditions – 7:00 p.m. –
Casadesus Recital Hall – free
Thursday, Novem ber 29 –  Mid­Day  Concert –  1 :20  p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Friday, Novem ber 30 –  Flute Stud io Recital –  10:30 a.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Saturday,  Decem ber 1 – F lute Ensem ble Recital – 12 noon – Casadesus
Recital Hall ­ free

Saturday,  Decem ber 1  – Reunion Recital :  Aaron Nicholson, baritone
and  Todd  Robinson,  bass­barit one  –  8:00  p.m.  –  Anderson  Center
Chamber Hall ­ $15 general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students

�</text>
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  New York
Uk  ®

wdec
@

B

E F  A

R

  E N T
T M

T HURSDAY MID­DAY C ONCERT

October 25, 2007
1 :2 0 p. m.
Casadesus Recital Hall

�T ranslatio ns
1

Stefano Donoudy
F reschi luogh i, prati aule nti
Cool places, fragrant meadows,
Remain always in ﬂowe r;
Let not summ er sow seed in you,

PROGRAM
Freshi luoghi prati aulenti ..
...........Stefano Donoudy
Vaghissima sembianza
(1879­1925)
Quando ti rivedro
Venuto e l’aprile
Alexander Blitstein, t enor
Chai­Kyou Mallinson

Let not autu mn carry yo u away,

Let not the dead season take away
So much magical splendor.
I want one day to ramble with her
Amidst softness so green,
When at last my pangs
She will show h e r s e l f
understand.
Cool places, fragrant meadows,
Remain always in ﬂowe r.
Let not any season take a way

Aria from C osi fan tutte

In uomini, in soldati
Una donna a quindici anni

Wolfgang Mozart
(1 756­1 791)

Sigbonile Boyd, soprano
Margaret Reitz, piano

Sonata, Op. 31, no. 1
I.  Allegro vivace
III.  Rondo, All egretto
Danielle So fer, piano

Ludwig van Beethoven
(1770­1827)

So much magical splendor.
And you then, clear streamlets,
Which already are runni ng to the
sea,
Don’t be miserly with your waters
In the late season of the year,
Don’t you join also the deception
Of a prosperity so brief.
I want one day to be reﬂected with
her
In your clarity,
When at last my pangs
She will show h e r s e l f
understand.
Vaghissima sem bianza
Very charmi ng image o fa  woman
formerly loved,
who, then, has portrayed you with
so much sim ilarity
that l look, and I speak, and I
believe to have you
before me as in the beautiful days
of love?

The dear remembrance which has
been awakened
in my heart so ardently has revived
my hopes,
so that a kiss, a vow, a c ry of love?
more I do not ask of her who is
silent foreve r.
Quando ti r ivedro
When shall I see you again,
Unfaithful lover, who were so dear
to me?
So many tea rs I have wept

Now that an other separates us,

That I fear that may be ﬂed
Every joy forever from my life.
And yet the more I despa ir,
The more I return to hoping.
The more I hate you in my mind,
The more m y soul turns again to
loving you.
When shall 1 see you again,
Unfaithful lover, who we re so dear
to me?
Ven uto é I’aprile
April has come, weaving garlands,
And bringing together nymphs and
sylvans on t he meadow.
The alders are tuning their
instruments
And at the ﬁrst melodies of the
wind
Among the branches the dance
begins.
First a faun advances...
His nymph looks at him... Sighs...
And they rush away together!

�The couples frolic among the
fountains and the streams,

And then vanish furtively in the
woods...
But Cloris, who meanwhile is
jealous of Nice,
Waits unhappy and alone, in tears,
For the dance to cease.
But a shepherd advances...
And now Cloris looks at him...
Sighs...
And they rush away togethe r!
Aria from Cosi Fan Tutte

Wolfgang Mozart

In uomini, in soldati
In men? In soliders, you hope for
ﬁdelity?
For goodness sake, don’t let anyone
hear you!
They are all made of the same
dough,
Windblown branches, changeable
breezes
Have more stability than men!
False tears, suspieious glances
Deceiving voices, lying vices
Are the foremost of their qualities!
They only love us when it suits
their delight.
Then disparage us and deny us
aﬀection.
It is useless to ask their pity!
Let ’s pay them back in their own
coin.
This accursed, indiscreet race.
Let ’s love for our convenience and
vanity!

5

w

Una donna a quindici anni
A woman of ﬁfteen years
Must know all the good met hods,
Where the devil keeps his tail,

What’s good and what’s bad.  She
must know the little malices : That

enamour lovers:
To feign laughter, to feign tears,
And invent good reasons.
She must pay attention to a h undred
at a time.
Speak through her eyes with a
thousand.
Give hope to all, be they handsome
:
or ugly, 
Knowiliow to obfuscate without”
gettinggconfused.
And know how to lie without
blushing. "
And this queen from her high
throne,  *
can make them obey with, “I can,”
and “I want.”
(It seems they like this doctrine)
Long live Despina, who knows
llow to serve!)

�</text>
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
'  N  l  \  l1  R  N  l  T \

State University of  New York

de c
[4

D E P A R T M E N T

2007­2008 C H A M B E R  S E R I E S

“ T H E  ORIENT EXPRESS”
T I M O T H Y  PERRY, C L A R I N E T

M ARGARET  REITZ, P IANO
Assisted by

Janey Cho i, Violin
Stephen Stalker, Violoncello
Ivy Gaibel, Mezzo­So prano

Saturday Evening at 8:00
September 8, 2007
A nderson Cent er Chamber Hall

�l

PROGRAM
Solo de Concours (1899)  .  .  .  . .  . 

.  .+ .  .  André Messager
(1853­1929)

Aria: ‘Parto, ma tu ben m io’ (Clemenza di Tito). .  .  .  W.A. Mozart

(1 756­1 7 91 )

Ivy Gaibel, Mezzo­Soprano

Adagio from Violin Concerto.  .  .  .  .  .  .J. Brahms, arr. Langenus

(1833­1897)

Contrasts for Violin, Clarinet and P ia no   .  .  . .  .  .  .  Bela Bartok
I. Verbunkos
II. Piheno
111. Sebes

(1881­ 1945)

Janey C hoi, Violin

WINTERMISSIO N®3
Marko Tajcevic

Seven Balkan Da nces  .  .  . 
I Con moto
II. Rustico

IV Sostenuto e cantabile
V. Allegro ritmico
VI. Allegretto
III. Vivo
VII. Allegro, quasi pesante

( 1 900­1 984)

This evening’s program is a travelogue in sound, tracing the route of that
most famous of luxury trains, the Orient Express, which ran – at least in
its  earlier  years  –  from  Paris  through  Vienna  and  Budapest  into  the
Balkans and ended in Constantinople (present­day Istanbul). This theme

appealed to me bec ause i t  i s  also a route that runs to the outer reaches o f

the world of the clarinet, before it gives way to double­reed instruments
such as the Turkish zurna and the Indian shehnai. You will, I  think, be
able to follow the changes in this son ic scenery as well  – how melody,
harmony, rhythm and form transmute as West becomes East.

We open with a c lassic solo de concours (contest solo) by the Parisian
composer Andre Messager (1853­1929). Messager studied for a time with
Saint­Saens and  held  the  important  post as organist of St. Sulpice,  but
excelled in  ballets and operatic works. A highly respected conductor, he
directed the orchestra o f the Conservatoire d u Musique, and appeared on
the podium o f the Opera Comique in Paris as wel l as Covent Garden in
London.  Messager’s Solo de Concours,  while adhering to  the formula
stipulated for these examination pieces, is one o f the best o f its kind.  I t
begins  with  a  principal  theme  quickly  dissolving  into  virtuoso
passagework ;  a  singing  slow  section  in  the  clarinet ’s  diﬀicult  ‘throat
tones’ leads to a dramatic and ﬂorid cadenza; and a return o f the main
theme concludes in an eﬀervescent coda which  might have served  as a
ﬁnale to one of the composer’s ballets.
Like Paris, Vienna  was an  imperial capital ci ty whose  vast resources
brought the best composers to test their skill in the most demanding of
musical  communities.  Unlike  the French, the  German  clarinetist  and
composer has always been  concerned  ﬁrst  with beauty  of timbre  and
subtlety of phrasing, with virtuoso technical possibilities a distinct second.
First, we present M ozart ’s aria ‘Parto, m a  t u  ben m i o ’  for basset clarinet

Stephen Stalker, Violoncello

and soprano from his ﬁnal stage work, L a  Clemenza di Tito. In  his ﬁnal
months of life, com pleting the Clarinet Concerto aside th e opera, Mozart

Per egiV er b u n k......................L eoWeiner

(1885­196 0)

Hristiankova Kop anitsa  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 

About the Music

Ivo Papasov, arr. Perry
(b. 1952)

seems to fully disc over the clarinet a s the truest dramat ic substitute for­

and partner to­ the female voice. The aria’s several moods, from revenge
to compassion  to self­sacriﬁce, are brilliantly distributed  from  voice to
instrument, making full use of the basset clarinet’s extended low range to
provide lines of enormous sweep and power.

�For our second Viennese work we jump forward almost a century for the
rarely heard transcription of the Adagio from Brahms’ Violin Concerto by
the  Belgian/American  clarinetist  G ustave  Langenus.  Langenus  was  to
clarinet  transcription  what  Fritz Kreisler  was  to  works  for violin – a
master player and teacher whose complete knowledge of his instrument
brings out new and wonderful levels of beauty  from the originals.  The
movement  is one  of Brahms® most  pure and profound.  Of course  the
composer,  ever  self­deprecating,  described  it  as  ‘feeble’,  and  Sarasate
refused to play it because he didn’t want to “stand around while the oboe
played the only melody in the piece.” No problem here – Langenus lets the
clarinet do both.

Bartok, here we hear the individual melodies retained as miniatures, a set

o f several  verses  with  short  interludes that  get  their interest  from  the
constant  variation  o f  orchestration.  Each  movement  thus  retains  its

1

1

Just  as  the  Rhine  separates  French  from  German  sound,  the  Danube
moving east towards Budapest marks a new soundscape, one ﬁrmly in the
Slavic  orbit.  Formal  traditions  give  way  to  folk  inﬂuence  ever  more
strongly  now,  with  the  clarinet  (and  violin)  as  folk  melodists  par
excellence. Harmonies simplify, but rhythms become ever more complex.
We  close  the  ﬁrst  half  with  Bela  Bartok ’s great Contrasts  for  Violin,
Clarinet  and Piano.  This  incredible  potpourri of Hungarian  folk  tunes
(with some Rumanian and Bulgarian inﬂuences) opens with a Verbunkos
dance whose march­like theme betrays its use for recruiting soldiers who
have had a bit too much to drink. One might imagine the unhappy new
recruit  awaking  during  the  clarinet’s  closing  cadenza.  The  second
movement,  entitled  Pihené  (relaxation)  seems  nearly  motionless  by

In  the music of Leo Weiner we ﬁnd again the attempt to blend the folk
(here, Magyar ‘Gypsy’) tradition with a bit more formal rigor, no doubt
inﬂuenced  by  Weiner’s position as a  Professor of Theory in  Budapest.
This Peregi Verbunk is true to Magyar form and style with its linked slow
and fast sections, and the writing for both clarinet and piano is superbly
crafted.  Diﬀicult,  yes,  but  Weiner’s  music  is  always  interesting  and
represents a ﬁne marriage of classical and folk­based traditions.
Music reﬂects our world, and sometimes as the world changes new and
exciting  musics  are  developed. On  the  outer  frontier  of the  European
clarinet comes the source for our last piece, a bit of Bulgarian Svatbarska
muzika, or “wedding music,” This existed in a tamer traditional form until
the  1970’s  when  increasingly  anti­authoritarian  sentiments  brought
western jazz and rock elements into the mix. Mixed with native Gypsy,
Magyar,  Bulgarian  and  Turkish  melodic  elements,  Balkan  musicians
produced an electric new genre that exploded worldwide with Ivo Papasov
and  Yuri  Yunakov ’s  1991  CD  Balkanology.  We  ﬁnish  our  musical
journey,  in  an  insanely  fast  meter  of  11/8  (2+2+3+2+2)  with  a  short
example  of this  manic  musical  cry  for joy  and  freedom,  Hristiankova
Kopanitsa. N.B. As none of us are as yet experts, we perform a transcribed
version  of  the  improvised  solos.  Actually,  you  may  get  some
improvisation anyway.  Welcome  to the East, and have a pleasant  trip
home!

com parison, but with all the m ystery and tension we come to expect from

Bartok’s other pieces of “night music ’.  The set ﬁnishes with a Sebes (fast
dance) whose folk credentials are assured by the use of a violin “mistuned’
(scordatura) in folk style for the opening bars. This is high­energy dance
music, and a break is provided in the middle with a slower section  in
(8+5)/8, or thirteen­eight time (!) Once rested, however, the manic pace
resumes and runs to the end.
One diﬀiculty of performing music from beyond Vienna and Prague is the
relative  paucity  of  published  materials  as  we  move  increasingly  to
unwritten  folk  performance.  A ll  of Eastern  Europe  has  undiscovered
treasures  which  are  only  slowly  coming  to  light  for  western  players.
Marko  Tajcevic ’s  Seven  Balkan  Dances, originally  composed  for  solo
piano  in  1927 and  later arranged  for Clarinet, Cello and  Piano. are an
excellent case in point. Tajcevic draws upon the songs and dances of his
native Serbia, but rather than building a complex formal structure as does

character,  and  we  can  better  appreciate  their  shifting  meters  and
increasingly oriental timbres.

­Timothy Perry Aug 2007

or

�ABOUT T H E  PERFORMERS
TIMOTHY  PERRY,  conductor  and  clarinetist,  is  Professor  of  Music  and
currently  Chair  of  the  Department  of  Music  for  Binghamton  University.  A
graduate  of the  Manhattan and  Yale  Schools of Music, Dr.  Perry  joined the
Binghamton  University faculty  in  1986, becoming  Professor of  Music  in  2002
and  receiving  the  Chancellor’s  Award  for  Creative  Activities  in  2005.  As
Conductor Dr. Perry has directed the University Orchestra since  1986, directed
the  University  Wind  Ensemble  from  1986­2005  and  led  the  Binghamton
Community Orchestra from 1994­2004. In May­June 2007 he conducted the joint
Music/Theater production of West Side Story in Santiago, Chile.  Widely known
as a clarinetist in virtuoso solo and chamber music, he toured Latin America and
the Caribbean as a United States Musical Ambassador and has presented recitals
at three world conferences of the International Clarinet Association. His recent
clarinet appearances include a July program at Cornell University, an upcoming
appearance at Ithaca College, and a week of both Clarinet and Conducting Master
Classes at the Universidad Nacional de Columbia (Bogota) in October 2007.
MARGARET REITZ, pianist, is a native of the Binghamton area.  She received

her Bachelor and Master of Music degrees in piano performance with Seymour
Fink and Walter  Ponce and accompanying emphasis, studying piano with Jean

Casadesus,  Victor  Rosenbaum,  Seymour  Fink  and  Walter  Ponce  and
accompanying with Allen Rogers. She has accompanied throughout the United
States,  Europe  and  South  America:  she  was  an  oﬀicial  accompanist  for  the
MTNA State and Eastern Division Competition  held at  Ithaca College  in  2001
and  2006,  has  been  a  guest  chamber  music  artist  in  Morges,  Switzerland,
attended  the  Northwestern  Workshop  with  Chicago  Lyric  Opera Faculty  and
Coaches, was an oﬀicial pianist at the International Double Reed Competition and
Convention in June 2007 at Ithaca College and was selected to accompany at the
Interpretation of Spanish Music  Festival in Grenada, Spain  in July 2007, where
she performed at several concerts and masterclasses coached by Teresa Berganza.
A guest artist on the Cornell Summer Series this past summer, she will perform
Beethoven’s  Triple  Concerto  with  Binghamton  Community  Orchestra  and  is
nominated for the Heart of the Arts Award sponsored by the BC Arts Council.
Ms. Reitz is currently on the faculty at Binghamton University and Ithaca College
School of Music.  She is on the Executive Board of the New York District MTNA
organization,  is  past  President  of  the  local  Southern  Tier  Music  Teachers
Association  and  is  an  active  adjudicator  for  the  National  Piano  Guild
Organization.
Canadian­born  violinist  J A N E Y   CHOI  joined  the  faculty  of  Binghamton
University in 2006. Dr. Choi attained her Doctor of Musical Arts degree at Rutgers
University, studying with Arnold Steinhardt, and holds her Bachelor and Masters
degrees from The Juilliard School where her major teachers were Joseph Fuchs and
Joel Smirnoﬀ.  She gave her Carnegie Hall recital debut in  1997 as a winner of the
Artists  International  Auditions  and  continues  a n  active  perform ing  career  as  a

recitalist, chamber, and orchestral musician throughout the country and abroad. She
has  participated  in  such  festivals  as  Mostly  Mozart,  Juilliard’s  Focus  Festival,

Norfolk, Taos, the Spoleto Festivals, Festival Musical de Santo Domingo, the Santa

7

Fe Opera and the Sarasota Opera. An avid inter­arts and cross­genre collaborator,
she  is  the Music  Director of Thomas/Ortiz Dance, and has performed numerous
times with the Parsons Dance Co. at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C.  She
has recorded and appeared with such mainstream performers as Bono and Quincy
Jones,  Enya,  Elton  John, Sarah  McLachlan,  Lisa  Loeb, Kanye  West, Jay­Z and
Beyoncé. Ms. Choi is a Teaching Artist for the New York Philharmonic, Lincoln
Center Institute, Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center and the Bloomingdale
School of Music in New York City.

l

5

STEPHEN STALKER, cellist, joined the faculty of Binghamton University in
1982. He is a graduate of the Manhattan School of Music in New York City. He
formerly taught at Colgate University, Mansﬁeld University, Ithaca College and
for  the  Binghamton  City  School  District.  He  was  the  principal  cellist  of the
Cayuga Chamber Orchestra in  Ithaca, NY, and has performed extensively with
the Catskill Chamber Players of Oneonta, NY, where he has presented Meet the
Composer concerts with  prominent  American  composers  including John Cage,
Virgil Thomson, Lou Harrison and George Crumb and premiered a set of four
string quartets by Henry Brant at Weil Recital Hall. He performs regularly with
the Trio Amici, Trilogy, Baroque ‘n Blue, Early On and performed the complete
Beethoven Trio cycle with  violinist Janet Brady and  pianist  Walter  Ponce. He
performed with Solisti New York, and as a member of the Madison String Quartet
was a ﬁnalist in the Naumberg Chamber Music Competition in New York City
and the Evian International String Quartet Competition in Evian, France. A past
president  of  the  New  York  State  Chapter  of  the  American  String  Teachers
Association,  Mr.  Stalker  is  a  founder  of the  Southern  Tier  Music  Teachers
Association and the Binghamton Cello Festival and was past Strings Chair for the
New York State School Music Association.
IVY  GAIBEL, mezzo­soprano  most  recently  performed  at  the  Spoleto,  USA
festival  in  Chartleston,  SC  in Kurt  Weill’s  The Rise and Fall of the  City  of
Mahagonny.  Ms.  Gaibel  is  a  graduate of the Tri­Cities  Opera  Resident  Artist
Training  Program,  where  she  performed  numerous  roles  including  her
“precocious” Cherubino  in  Le  Nozze  di  Figaro and Nicklausse  in  Les Contes
D’Hoﬀmann. Her TCO performance of Dido in Dido and Aeneas  was noted as
“beautifully performed with exquisite phrasing.”  Ms. Gaibel made her debut at
Syracuse Opera in 2004 and was awarded Artist of the Year in a supporting role.
Since then she has been an active performer on the main stage as  well as the
ensemble, including her role as Mercedes in Syracuse Opera’s 2007 production of
Carmen. Performance  Awards  include First  Place,National  Association of the
Teachers of Singing, 2001  and the  George L. Hinman  Award  from  Tri­Cities
Opera 2004. In  the Summer of 2006 Ms. Gaibel  was a member of Des Moines
Metro Opera’s Apprentice Artist Program. She has appeared with many regional
orchestras  including  the  Binghamton  Philharmonic  and  the  Orchestra  of  the
Southern Finger lakes. This year Ms. Gaibel will be Assistant Professor of Voice
at Ithaca College. She has upcoming engagements with the Binghamton Baroque
Ensemble and numerous recital appearances in the area.

�P art o,  m a  t u  be n  m io :  Translation:
I leave but you, my beloved , will ret urn to me in peace ;
I will be what most pleases you; what you want, I’ll do.

Look at me and I’ll forget everything, and I’ll rush to avenge you ;
Give only a glance and the deed by me will be done.
Ah, what power, oh Gods
did you bestow on Beauty!
* # * * * * t
t i t ﬁ ttttttt l ttt i tt ﬁ tt i tttttt $ tttt ﬁ tttttt ﬁ # # * * * # * * * * * * * * * # *

Comin g Musi c Events
Sunday, Septem ber 9 – A Sonic Blast : Thrilling Works  for Organ, Brass
and Percussion – 4:00 p.m. – Frist Presbyterian Church, Binghamton ­
$15 general public ; $13 fac ulty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Sunday, Septem ber 30  –  Romanti cism  Unleashed : A facu lty  recital  by
cellist St ephen Stalker – 3 :00 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall ­ $9 general
public; $ 7 faculty/staﬀ/sen iors; $1 students

Th ursday, October 4 – Mid­Day Conc ert ­­ 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus  Recital
Hall – free
Th ursday,  October   1 1   –  Mid­Day  Concert   –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Sunday,  October  1 4 – University Or chestra : Suite D iversions – 3 :00 p.m.
–  Anderson  Center  Concert  Theater  ­  $9  general  public;  $7
faculty/staﬀ/senio rs; free fo r student s

Th ursday,  October  1 8  –  Mid­Day  Concert   –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
F riday, October  1 9 –  Sunday, Octobe r  21  –  New  York  State  Music
Teachers Association (NY SMTA) – Anderson Center Chamber Hall and
Casadesus – free
Sunday, Octobe r 20 – Family W eekend C oncert – 3:00 p.m. – Osterhout
Concert Theater – free
Th ursday,  Octo ber  2 5  –  Mid­Day  Concert   –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus

Recital Hall – free

Th ursday, October  2 5 – Jazz  Scholarship Con cert (In  memor of Ro bert
Terrell) – 8:00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $1 8 general public ; $16
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $ 10 students

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