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                    <text>STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK
AT BINGHAMTON
THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC

OPERA WORKSHOP
ROBERTA SCHLOSSER, Director
presents

An Evening of Comedy
SCENES FROM LA BOHÈME
MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR
TALES OF HOFFMANN

COSÌFAN

TUTTE

James Osborne, Musical Director
Jon Carbery, Dramatic Director

FEBRUARY 24, 25, 1975
CASADESUS RECITAL HALL

8:15 P.M.

�PROGRAM

CHARACTERS
La Bohème

LA BOHÈME

Giacomo Puccini

Act I. Scene 1.
The action takes place in a cheerless attic studio.
Time-about 1830 in Paris.
Act II. 'Musetta's Waltz'
Outside the Café Momus in the Latin Quarter on Christmas
Eve.

Otto Nicolai

THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR
Act I. Scenes 1 and 2.

A courtyard on a summer afternoon in the Town of Windsor.

Rodolfo, a poet -------------- ------------------········----··------ Anthony Brienza, tenor
Marcello, a painter ------------------- --- ---------- Michael David Quinn, baritone
Schaunard, a musician ---------------------------------- Thomas Fordham, baritone
Colline, a philosopher -------------------------------------------------- Gary Levine, bass
Benoit, a landlord ------------------------------------------------ Arthur Sherry, baritone
Musetta, a grisette ------------------------------------------------ Ursula Raeth, soprano
Mimi, a seamstress ------------------------------------------ Victoria Deuany, soprano
Aleindoro, a man about town ___ _____ ______ ___ _______ __ James Osborne, baritone

The Merry Wives of Windsor
Mrs. Ford, a well-preserved, very merry
woman of thirty-five ----------- --------------------------- Shirley Brown, soprano
( Mon. performance)
Karen Haight, soprano
( Tues. performance)
Mrs. Page, lively, but less so
than her friend -------------- ------------------------------ Rachel Gardner, soprano
The Tales of Hoffmann
Frantz, an aging, nearly-deaf servant
to Crespel, a musician -------------------------------- Preston Stockman, tenor
Così Fan Tutte

- INTERMISSION -

THE TALES OF HOFFMANN

Jacques Offenbach

Act. IV. Frantz's Aria.
Crespel's house in Munich.

Fiordiligi ----------------- ----- -------------------------------- ------ Victoria Devany, soprano
Dorabella ---------- ----------- ---------- -------------------- -- ----- Alice Weintraub, soprano
Ladies from Ferrara and Sisters,
living in Naples
Guglielmo, officer, betrothed
to Fiordiligi ---------------- ------------ ---- -------- Michael David Quinn, baritone
Ferrando, officer, betrothed
to Dorabella --------- ------------------ ------------ ---- --------- Anthony Brienza, tenor
Despina, chambermaid to the ladies ______ Mary Ann Ferraiolo, soprano
Don Alfonso, an old philosopher ______________ Thomas Fordham, baritone

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COSÌ FAN TUTTE
Act II. Duet.
A room in the sister's home.
Act I. Finale.
The action takes place in Naples.
Time-late eighteenth century.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Musical Preparation ---- -------------- -------- Roberta Schlosser, James Osborne
Accompanist and Coach
( 'Bohème' and 'Hoffmann' scenes) __________________________ Barbara Benvin
Accompanist and Coach
( 'Così' and 'Merry Wives' scenes) ___ ____________ __ _ Chai-kyov Mallinson
Staging Concept ( 'Casi' scenes) ---------------------- ---------------- James Osborne
Technical Supervisor ( Lighting, Costumes,
Properties, Make-up) -------------- ------------------------------------------ Roy Abbott
Stage Manager ------------------------------------------------------------------ Vincent Pantuso

�PROGRAM NOTES

La Bohème
Act I
In their cold, shabby attic--Rodolfo, the poet and Marsella, the
painter--hungry and freezing, are trying in vain to concentrate on
their work. Colline, the philosopher enters complaining that because
the pawnshops are closed on Christmas Eve he has been unable to
sell his books. Schaunard, the musician, had better luck. He comes
bringing fuel and provisions. During the preparation of their meal,
the landlord enters unexpectedly and demands payment of his long
overdue rent. The Bohemians offer him wine and turn him out amidst
joking and laughter.
On to Café Momus.
Act II
At the Café Momus, Rodolfo has just introduced Mimi to his
friends when Musetto appears escorted by old but rich Alcindoro.
Marcello, whom she loves--if only periodically--describes her fickle
character to Mimi. Musetta, angered by Marcello's simulated indifference, breaks into a description of her charms, hardly modest but
entirely accurate.
The Merry Wives of Windsor
The Nicolai treatment ( first performance-1849) of the Shakespearean subject preceded the Verdi version ( Fallstaff-1893) by nearly
a half century. Hermann von Mosenthal's tight and fast moving
libretto employed only the main sections of the comedy. In the opening scenes, therefore, we deal immediately with Falstaff's extraordinary love letters which both Mrs. Ford and Mrs. Page have just
received. The two women compare letters, and discovering them to
be alike plan revenge.
The Tales of Hoffmann
Crespel has just left his house in a rage because his nearly-deaf
old servant Frautz misunderstood everything he said. Frautz then
consoles himself with singing, although he knows his technique is
wrong-and with dancing, although he lands on his well-polished floor.
Così Fan Tutte
An early revision of 'Cosi' stated that the theme of this opera
was a satire on the highly praised fidelity of the female sex and an
innocent playing with the ·sanctity of love. The action which leads up
to the Finale of Act I concerns a wager between Don Alfonso, a
cynical old philosopher and his two young officer friends, to witthat no women can be trusted. To try to prove his point, Don Alfonso
concocts an elaborate scheme complete with deceit, disguises, poisonand miraculous recovery. The sisters, however, remain true to their
sweethearts whom they believe have been ordered to wars.
Early in Act II, after Despina derides their constancy, the sisters,
especially Dorabella, weaken and decide a flirtation will do no harm.
Dorabella will choose Guglielmo and Fiordiligi Ferrando.
-Roberta Schlosser

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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U  N  I  V  E  R  S  I  T  Y

State University of  New York

d e e
7

D E P A R T M E N T

" 

An Evening of
German Vocal Music
Presented by the
German Diction Class

Timothy LeFebvre, instructor
Williams James Lawson, piano
!5

Wednesday, May 10, 2006
8:00 p.m.
Casadesus Recital Hall

�PROGRAM
H

t
,!

a
l
from Die Schone Miillerin 
Alexander Blitstein, tenor

l Schubert
(1797­1828)

Nur wer die Sehnsucht k en nt ...
... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Fra...
nz. 
 Schubert
(1797­1  8  28)
Elizabeth Duhr, mezzo­soprano

Standchen 

Franz Schubert
(1797­1828)

Vitaliy Maystruk, baritone
Heimliches L

i

c

h

e

n

.

.

Kathryn Boczar, mezzo­sopran
o

. Schu bert
(1797­1828)

Nimm sie hin denn, diese Lied
er..................Ludwig van Bee
thoven
from An die ferne Geliebte 
(1770­1827)
Mark Kratz, tenor

Kennst du das L an d. ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... . van Beethoven
(1770­1827)
Jessica S. Barkley, soprano

l

l

Widmung 

Cari Begeal, mezzo­soprano

Robert Schumann
(181 0­1856)

Wie Melodien zieht es mir .........
.....cceeeeuen............ Johannes Bra
hms
(1833­1897)
Jana Kucera, soprano
Brauner Bursche ﬁihrt zum Tan
ze......................... Johannes Bra
hms
(1833­1897)
Amy DeLeo, soprano

 

�Johannes Brahms
( l 8  3 3­1 897)
Mary Aimoniotis, mezzo­soprano

Von ewiger L1ebe 

Die Mainacht 
Katrina L. Cox, soprano
Der Tod, das ist die kﬁhle Nacht 
Julia Ebner, soprano

Erin Lahm, soprano
. 
Ein Traum 
Stefanie Sudduth, soprano

Breit ﬁber mein Haupt 
Nili Riemer, soprano
Verschwiegene Liebe 

Andrew Sudduth, baritone
Auch kleine Dinge 
Miriam A. Wright, soprano
Der Kontrabandiste 

Soon Young Park, baritone

~Intermission~

Johannes Brahms
(1833­1897)
Johannes Brahms
(1 83 3­  l 897)

(1833­1897)

:
Edvard Grieg
(1 843 ­1907)

Richard Strauss
(1864­1949)
Hugo Wolf
(1 860­ 1903)
Hugo Wolf
(1860­1903)
Robert Schumann
(1810­1856)

!
/

�Coronach 

Franz Schubert
(1797­1828)
Katrina L. Cox, Amy DeLeo, Jana Kucera

Robert Schumann
( l 8  1   0­1 8 56  )
Stefanie Sudduth and Andrew Sudduth

An den Abendstem 

So wahr die Sonne scheinet.................................. Robert Schumann
(1810­1856)
Vitaliy Maystruk and Kathy Boczar
Klange 
Nili Riemer and Julia Ebner

Johannes Brahms
(1833­1897)

Es rauschet das Wasser..........................................Johannes Brahms
(1833­1897)
Elizabeth Duhr and Soon Young Park
Horch, der Wind klagt...........................................Johannes Brahms
(1833­1897)
Erin Lahm, Jessica S. Barkley, Mark Kratz, Soon Young Park

(1809­1847)

Jana Kucera and Cari Begeal
Suleika und Hatem!  An des lust’gen Brunnens Rand 

Felix Mendelssohn

Alexander Blitstein and Erin Lahm

Herbstlied 

(1 809­1 847)

Felix Mendelssohn
(1809­1847)
Miriam A. Wright and Mary Aimoniotis

After the performance, please join us for a reception in Green Room

�TRANSLATIONS
Halt!
I see a mill showing through the
alders;
Through the gushing and singing of
the water
Breaks the noise of the wheel.
Welcome, welcome, sweet song of
the mill!
And the house, how comfortable it
looks!
And the windows, how they glitter!

And the sun, how brightly it shines
from heaven!
O brooklet, dear brooklet, was this
what was intended?
Nur w er die  Sehnsucht  kenn t

Only one who knows longing
Knows what I suﬀer!
Alone and cut oﬀ
From all joy,
I look into the ﬁrmament
In that direction.

Ah! he who loves and knows me
Is far away.
I am reeling,
My entrails are burning.
Only one who knows longing
Knows what I suﬀer!
Standchen
Softly through the night my songs
implore you,
Come down into the still grove with
me, beloved ;
Slender treetops rustle and whisper
in the moonlight,

Fear not, sweet one, the betrayer ’s
malicious eavesdropping.

hear the nightingales calling? Ah!
They are imploring you.

With the sweet music of  their notes

they implore you for me.
They understand the bosom’s
yearning, they know the pangs of
love.
They can touch every tender heart
with their silvery tones.
Let them move your heart also ;
beloved, hear me!
Trembling, I wait for you; come,
give me bliss!

Heimliches Lieben
Oh you, when your lips touch mine,
Then my desire will carry away my
soul,
I feel deep inside a nameless
trembling,
And my bosom heaves.
My eyes are aﬂame; a glow spreads
over my cheeks,
My heart beats with an unknown
longing,
My mind wanders, intoxicated lips
stammer,
And can hardly compose itself.
In such an hour my life hangs

On yo ur swe et, rose­soft mouth,

And in your trusted arms embrace
I would almost give myself up.
Oh, could my soul but not leave me
And burn in your soul alone!
Would that my lips, that burn with
longing,

Must not pa rt from  your lips!

Could but my soul into kisses
dissolve
While my lips and heard are so
ﬁrmly pressed to yours,
A heart that may never openly
Beat for me.

i

il
J

�Nimm sie hin, de nn diese L ieder
Take, then, these songs,
That I to you, beloved, sang,
Sing them again in the evenings
To the sweet sounds of the lute!

When the red twilight then moves
toward the calm, blue lake,
And the last ray dies
behind that hilltop;
And you sing, what I have sung,
What I, from my full heart,
Artlessly have sounded,
Only aware of its longings.
For before these songs yields,
What separates us so far,
And a loving heart reaches
For what a loving heart has
consecrated.
Kennst du  das L and
Knowest thou where the lemon
blossom grows,
In foliage dark the orange golden
glows,
A gentle breeze blows from the
azure sky,
Still stands the myrtle, and the
laurel, high?
Dost know it well?
‘Tis there! ‘Tis there
Would I with thee, oh my beloved,
fare.

I

Knowest the house, its roof on
columns ﬁne?
Its hall glows brightly and its
chambers shine,
And marble ﬁgures stand and gaze
at me :
What have they done, oh wretched
child, to thee?
Dost know it well?
‘Tis there! ‘Tis there
Would I with thee, oh my protector,
fare. 
:

Knowest the mountain with the

misty shrouds?
The mule is seeking passage
through the clouds;
In caverns dwells the dragons’
ancient brood;
The cliﬀ rocks plunge under the
rushing ﬂood!
Dost know it well?
‘Tis there! ‘Tis there
Leads our path! Oh father, let us
fare.
Widmung
You my soul, you my heart,
You my bliss, 0 you my pain,
You the world in which I live,
You are heaven, in which I ﬂoat,
O you my grave, into which
I eternally cast my grie f
You are rest, you are peace,
You are bestowed upon me from
heaven.
That you love me makes me
Worthy of you;
Your gaze transﬁgures me
Before you ;
You raise me lovingly above myself
My good spirit, my better selﬂ

Wie Melodien zieht es mir
Like melodies it softly pervades my
senses
Like spring ﬂowers it blossoms
And like a fragrance drifts away.
But if the word comes and grasps it
Then leads it before the eyes
Like misty gray it fades and
vanishes like a breath.
And yet in the rhyme
A secret fragrance is hidden

That gently from its tranquil source
Brings tears to the eyes.

�Brauner Bursche ﬁi hrt zum
Tanze
The bronzed young fellow leads to
the dance
His lovely blue­eyed maiden,
Boldly clanking his spurs together.
A Czardas melody begins.
He caresses and kisses his sweet
dove,
Whirls her, leads her, shouts and
springs about;
Throws three shiny silver guilders
On the cymbal to make it ring!
Von ewiger Liebe
Dark, how dark it is in the forest
and ﬁeld!
Night has fallen; the world now is
silent.
Nowhere a light and nowhere
smoke.
Yes, now even the lark is silent.

From yonder village there comes
the young lad,
Taking his beloved home.
He leads her past the willow bushes,
Talking so much, and of so many
things:

Iron and steel can be recast by the
smith
But who would transform our love?
Iron and steel can melt;
Our love, our love will have to last
forever!”
Die Mainacht
When the silvery moon gleams
through the copse,
And pours his slumbering light over
the grass,
And the nightingale warbles,
I wander sadly from bush to bush.
Hidden by the foliage, a pair of
doves
Coos its delight near by; but I turn
away,
Seek deeper shadows, and weep a
lonely tear.
When, o smiling image, which like
the light of morning
Shines through my soul, shall I ﬁnd
you upon the earth?
And the lonely tear trembles hotter
down my cheek!

As  fast as we  once came together.”

Der Tod, das ist die kiihle Nacht
Death, it is the cool night,
Life is the sultry day.
It grows dark already;
I grow sleepy,
The day has made me tired.
Over my bed rises a tree,
Within it sings the young
nightingale;
It sings of pure love.
I hear it even in my dreams.

Then says the maiden, the maiden
says:
“Our love shall never end!
Steel is ﬁrm and iron is ﬁrm,
Yet our love is ﬁrmer still.

Botschaft
Blow, little breeze, gently and
lovingly
about the cheeks of my beloved;
play tenderly in her locks,

“If you suﬀer shame and if you
grieve,
If you suﬀer disgrace before others
because of me,
Then our love shall be ended ever
so fast
As fast as we once came together;

It shall go with the rain and go with
the wind,

do not hasten to ﬂe e far away!

I

�If perhaps she is then to ask,
how it stands with poor wretched
me,
tell her: “Unending were his
sorrows,
most serious his plight;
But now he can hope
wonderfully to come alive again
for you, lovely one,
are thinking of him!”

Ein Traum
I once dreamed a beautiful dream:
a blond maiden loved me,
it was in the green woodland glade,
it was in the warm springtime :

the buds were blooming, the brook
was swelling,
from the village far away church
bells were chiming ­
we were completely ﬁlled with joy,
engulfed in happiness.
And more beautiful yet than that
dream,
it happened in reality:
it was in the green woodland glade,
it was in the warm springtime :
the brook was swelling, the buds
were blooming,
church bells were chiming from the

village ­

I held you tight, I held you long
and now will never let you go!
Nevermore! Nevermore!

1

so that into my soul, so brightly and
clearly,
will stream your eye’s light.
I do not want the splendor of the
sun above,
nor the glittering crown of stars;
I want only the night of your locks
and the radiance of your gaze.
Verschwiegene Liebe
Over the treetops and the ﬁelds of
grain,
In the moonlight – who could guess
them,
Who hold them in check?
Thoughts are in motion,
The night is silent,
Thoughts are unconﬁned.

May only one guess who is thinking
of her,
In the rustling of the grove
when no one else is awake.
As the clouds that soar,
my love is silent, and lovely as the
night.
Auch kleine Dinge
Even little things can delight us,
Even little things can be precious.
Think how we gladly adorn
ourselves with pearls;
They are heavily paid for, and yet
are small.
Think how small is the olive’s fruit,
And is nevertheless sought for its

There reality became a dream,

virtue.
Think only on the rose, how small
she is,
And yet, smells so sweet, as you
know.

Breit ﬁber mein haupt
Spread over my head your black
hair, 
,
and incline to me your face,

Der Kontrabandiste
I am the smuggler,
and know well how to inspire
respect;
I know how to defy everyone,

O vernal woodland glade,
you will live in me for all time!
there the dream became reality!

�and I fear no one.
So let us be merry!

Who shall buy my silk and tobacco?
Truly, my pony is tired,
I hurry, yes, hurry,
otherwise the patrol will catch me,
and then things will go very badly!

Run, my merry horse,

ah, my dear, good steed,
you know well how to carry me!
Coronach
He is gone on the mountain,

He is  lost t o the  forest,

Like a summer ­ dried fountain,
When our need was the sorest.
The font reappearing
From the raindrops shall borrow,
But to us comes no cheering,
To Duncan no morrow!
The hand of the reaper
Takes the ears that are hoary,
But the voice of the weeper
Wails manhood in glory.
The autumn winds rushing

Waft  the leaves that are serest,

But our ﬂower was in ﬂushing
When blighting was nearest.

So wahr die Sonne scheinet
As sunlight wakens ﬂowers, as
cloudlets give forth showers,
As ﬂame sends up its light, as
springtime ’s hues are bright;
So truly do I treasure a love that
knows no measure,
The love I bring to thee, the love
thou bearest me.
The sunlight may be shrouded, the
heavens never clouded,
The ﬂame may cease to burn, and
sprightime ne’er return
But naught shall be o ’er casting our
love forever lasting,
The love thou bearest me, the love I
bring to thee.
Klange
Flowers spring from the earth,
light spills from the sun;
love ﬂows from the heart,
and so does pain, which breaks it.
And the ﬂowers must wilt,
and night follows day;
and yearning follows the love
that makes the heart so gloomy.

Fleet foot on the correi,
Sage counsel in cumber,

Es rauschet das Wasser
The water rushes and will not stay
still;
The stars pass merrily in the sky,
The clouds advance merrily in the
sky,
And so Love rushes and wanders
there.

An den A bendstern
Hover up in the sky, beautiful
evening star.
Each person gladly sees you in the

The waters are rushing, the clouds
dissolving;
Yet the stars remain: they wander
and drift.
And so it happens as well with
Love, the true:
It sways and stirs but changes not.

Red hand in the foray,
How sound is thy slumber!
Like the dew on the mountain,
Like the foam on the river
Like the bubble on the fountain,
Thou art gone, and forever.

bright throng.
Go up, go not to the sky’s edge­
such a vestment does not adorn your
brother.

�Horch, de r Wind klagt
Listen, the wind wails in the
boughs sadly;
Sweet love, we must part: good
night!
Oh, how gladly I would rest in your
arms!

But, the hour o f separation draws
near, may God protect you.

Dark is the night, no little star sheds
any light;
Sweet love, trust in God and do not
weep!
If loving God brings me back to you
someday,
we will remain united in love’s
happiness forever.

Gruss
Wherever my steps may wander,
Thro ’ woods and meadows fair,
I gaze with deep emotion
O’er hill and vale and ocean,
Greeting thee everywhere,
I from the garden gather
Sweet ﬂowers bright and ﬁne,
And into garlands wind them,
‘With pleasant thoughts I bind them,
And greetings intertwine.

To thee I dare not give them,
E’en that might give thee pain,
They soon again must perish,
The love I may not cherish,
Must in the heart remain.

Suleika und Hatem! An  des
lust ’gen Brunnens Ra nd
Herbstlie d
Oh how soon the dance of spring
dies away,

and turns  itsel f into  wint ertime.

Oh how soon the silence of
mourning
Changes itself into cheerfulness.
Soon the last sounds ﬂy away,
Soon the singers leave
Soon the ﬁnal green is lost
They all are drawn homeward.

Oh how soon the dance dies away,
and pleasure longs for agony.
Were your thoughts of love a
dream?
Sweet like the springtime and
quickly drift away?
One, only one will never falter,

It is the core that never goes  awa y,

Oh how soon the silence of
mourning
Changes itself into cheerfulness.

Oh, so soon, oh so soon.
[These translations are provided by

the students, as part  of their
preparation for this program.

�Thursday, May 1 1  –  Mid­Day  Student  Recognition  Concert
with faculty and student performers – 1:20 p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Thursday, May 1 1  – Har pur Chorale and Women ’s Chorus –
8:00 p.m. – Anderson Center Chamber Hall – free

Thursday, May 11  – Antonio Vivaldi: Concerti “ Four Seasons”
for violin – 10:00 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall – free
Friday, May 12  – Flute Ensemble – 8:00 p.m. – Casadesus Recital
Hall – free
Saturday, May 1 3  – Indian Classical Music by vocalist Ashwini
Bhide­Deshpande, accompanied by Vishwanath Shirod kar on
tabla  and  Seema  Shirod kar  on  harmonium  –  7:00  p.m  –
Watters Theater ­  $10  general  admission; $5  for students (co­
sponsored by IPAS)
Wednesday, May 17 – Master ’s Recital : Jody Schum, piano –
8:00 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall – free

�</text>
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  New York

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MUSIC DEPARTMENT

AND
INDIAN P ERFORMIN G ARTS

S OCIETY O F  B I N G H A M T O N
PRESENT

AN E VENING O F  H INDUSTA NI
CLASSICAL MUSIC
FEATURIN G:

KAIVALYA K UMAR , VOCAL
with
Sham Kan e, tabla
Ravindra Katoti, Harmoni um
Wednesday October 31, 2007
7:00 p.m.
Anderson Center Chamber Hall

�PROGRAM

singing will be extremely fast and virtuosic. The whole performance

Note: In Indian Classical Music, the performer will announce the

of khyal may last from 20­40 minutes depending on the inspiration
of the artist.

chance to choose pieces which reﬂect the mood of the event and the
feelings of the artists. Nevertheless, the performance will follow this
basic format:

Most bada khyal bandish are set in tintal, a 16­beat cycle divided
into 4 sets of 4 beats (4/4/4/4). Its notation in stressed (X=clap) and
unstressed (O=wave) beats is:

speciﬁc  program  at  the  time  o f  performance  t o  allow  them  the

Khyal (Raga to be announced)
I.  Alap
II.  Bada Khyal usually in tintal
III. Chota Khyal usually in ektal
One or more ‘light’ classical pieces to conclude­ see below.
Hindustani Classical Music
The origins of Indian classical music can be traced to the Vedas, a

set of four texts that comprise the foundation of the Hi ndu religion,

and  were  passed  down  orally  until  around  1500  BC  when  they
began to  be  written down. The texts comprise hymns, which not
only aided memorization, but also provided the foundation of Indian
music. In the ﬁrst few centuries AD, the sage Bharata compiled a
treatise on music, dance, and theatre that provided the theoretical
foundations  for  future  directions  in  Indian  composition.  Bharata
outlined the organization of rhythm and meter into cycles made up
of groupings of beats now referred to as tala. Every composition is
set to a particular tala cycle made  up of stressed and  unstressed
beats. Knowledgeable audience members may externalize the tala
by a system of claps (tali) representing the Strong beats, and waves
(khali) representing the weak beats. The tala cycles for each of the
pieces tonight have been notated below.
Bharata also formulated the concept of raga, which is the melodic
system underlying Hindustani music. Ragas consist of a scale, as
well as a set of musical  rules governing choice and emphasis of
pitches, melodic  motion, and ornamentation.  Ragas normally are
associated  with  certain times of day  and/or  seasons of the  year.
Bharata related each raga, to a speciﬁc rasa, or emotion. The eight
rasa are love, humor, anger, compassion, valor, wonder, disgust,
and fear. The term raga means ‘color’, and ragas are supposed to

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Most chota khyal bandish are in ektal, a 12 beat cycle divided into 6
sets of 2 beats (2/2/2/2/2/2). Its notation is:
1

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&amp;

‘Light’ Classical Pieces
After  an  intense  performance  of  khyal,  both  performers  and
audience  normally  wind  down  the  intense  emotional  level  by
enjoying  one  or  more  light  classical  pieces.  These  allow  the
performer  to  draw  on  popular  melodies  from  folk  and  religious
sources, which do not have the same type of demanding structures
as khyal. Some possible genres the artist might choose from include:

Thumri, a genre of “light” classical music that evolved from songs

performed  to  accompany  erotic  dances  by  courtesans  to  a  more

serious style  that  came to  accompany the kathak  classical  dance
during the period of about 1770­1870 A.D. Eventually in the court
of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Lucknow (r. 1847­1856) thumri was
elevated  to  a  court  genre  that  featured  female  singers  who
entertained  male  audiences  in  a  manner similar  to  the Japanese
Geisha. In  the early 20” century the courtesan tradition  fell  into
disrepute, under the pressures of the British colonial regime as well
as in the eyes of the largely Western­educated Indian middle­class.
Thumri  singers  could  no  longer  support  themselves,  so  khyal
performers took over the artistic singing of thumri. Th umri bandish

�ABOUT THE MUSIC
Khyal
Khyal (‘imagination’)  is the most  frequently  performed  genre  of
Hindustani vocal music. It was developed in the early decades of the
18™  century  by the  musician  Nyamat  Khan  in  the  court  of  the
Mughal  Emperor  Muhammad  Shah (r.  1719­1748). Compared  to
Dhrupad,  the  other  more  ancient  genre  of  vocal  music,  khyal
features greater use of improvisation, including rapid melodic runs,
known as tan, and this facet was perhaps responsible for its name,
loosely  translated  as  ‘imagination’.  This  increased  use  of
improvisation  is  believed  to  have  been  drawn  from  Muslim
devotional  hymns  known  as  gawwali.  In  contemporary
performance, the Khyal is considered the main event, and is oﬁen
followed  by  some  “light”  classical  genres  such  as  Thumri  and
Bhajan to wind the performance down.

Khyal compositions, known as bandish, are made up of a few lines
of text set to the melodic rules of the raga, and the metric rules of
the tala. There are only two sections, the ascending (sthayi), where
the melody ascends the scale, and the descending (antara), where
the melodic motion descends the scale. From this minimal kernel of
pre­composed  material,  the  artist  must  develop  the  piece  with
extensive improvisation using both the syllables of the text, sol­fa
type syllables (known as sargam), as well as pure vowel sounds. In
this way, khyal may be cautiously compared to a Jazz composition,
where a singer will sing the regular piece straight through and then
use  scat­singing  to  improvise  before  returning  to  the  original
composition.

In  performance,  the  singer  usually  begins  with  an  alap,  an

unmetered, introductory improvisation that is meant to introduce the

notes and melodic rules of the raga. During this portion, which may
last from 30 seconds up to 5 minutes, the tabla drummer does not
play as it is in free rhythm. This is then followed with a bandish in
slow­medium tempo known as bada khyal (‘big khyal’). The bada
khyal  will  be in a tala cycle, highlighted  by the entrance of the
drummer. Following this composition, without a pause, will  be a
diﬀerent bandish in a fast tempo and in a diﬀerent tala, known as
chota  khyal  (‘small  khyal ’).  By  the  end  of  the  chota  khyal  the

tones is tuned to a speciﬁc note o f the raga, and thus contributes to

and  complements the melody. The larger  drum, played  with the
other hand, is called bayan and is made of metal. It has covers a
lower range than the other drum. The playing technique for both
drums involves extensive use of the ﬁngers and palms in various
conﬁgurations to create a wide variety of diﬀerent sounds. On the
bayan the heel of the hand is also used to apply pressure, in a sliding
motion, so that the pitch is changed during the sound’s decay.
Sham  Kane  has  accompanied  many  legendary  Indian  musicians
including Ali  Akbar Khan, and has also worked in  fusion groups
such as blues saxophonist John Handy’s group which included Ali
Akbar Khan and L. Subramaniam.
Ravindra Katoti­Harmoni um
The harmonium is not a native Indian instrument, but was imported
from Europe during the 1 9” century. It is a reed organ with hand
pumped bellows. Although it is a relatively recent introduction, it
has spread throughout the subcontinent. Today, it is used in virtually
every musical genre except the south Indian classical music, which
uses extensive microtonal notes that cannot be played on a ﬁxed
pitch  instrument.  While  the  keyboard  is  European,  the  Indian
harmonium has added a number of extra drone reeds.

Born in a family of music lovers in the year 1969, Ravindra started
learning Hindustani classical Harmonium at the age of eight. Since
then  he  has  been  the  disciple  of  Pandit  Rambhau  Bijapure,  a
Harmonium exponent of our times. The blessings and guidance of
his  Guru,  and  his  own  sincere  eﬀorts  have  molded  him  into  a
versatile  and  brilliant  Harmonium  player.  Ravindra  has  also
established  himself as an able  accompanist  and  received  acclaim
from  many  of  the  top  performing  vocalists,  organizers  and
connoisseurs as well. He has several cassettes and CDs to his credit.
He  has performed  throughout the country and  abroad,  both as a
soloist and an accompanist. He has accompanied many of the top
ranking vocalists of the country including Dr. Gangubai Hangal, Pt.
Bhimsen Joshi, Pt. Jasaraj, and  Pt. Yashavantbua Joshi, Pt. Ajoy
Chakraborty, Pt. Ganapati Bhat, Ustad Rashid Khan, Smt. Ashwini
Bhide, Smt. Shubha Mudgal and Smt. Jayashree Patnekar.

�Comin g Even ts
Thursday,  Novem ber  1  –  Mid­Day  Concert  –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Friday, Novem ber 2 ­­ M aster ’s Recital – Daniel Sofer, piano – 8:00 p.m.

– Casadesus Recital Hall – free

Saturday,  Novem ber 3 – C larinet Trio Recital – 8:00 p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Thursday,  Novem ber  8  ­  Mid­Day  Concert  –  1 :20  p.m.  –  Casadesus
Recital Hall ­ free

Thursday, Novem ber 8 – Binghamton Baroque  Ensem ble – 8:00 p.m. ­­
Casadesus Recital Hall – $9 general public; $7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $1 for
students
Saturday,  Novem ber 10 – U niversity Chorus : Words and Music – 8:00
p.m. ­­ Anderson Center Concert Theater – free
Thursday,  Novem ber  1 5 –  Jazz Mid­Day  Concert  with  bassist  Tony
Marino – 1:20 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater – free
Th ursday, N ovem ber 1 5 –  Har p ur Jazz M id­Day Co ncert with   bassist

Tony Marino – 8:00 p.m. – Osterhout Concert Theater ­ $9 general public;

$ 7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students

Friday, N ovem ber 1 6 – Viola  Plus!  Ro berta Cra wford Viola  Recital –

8:00  p.m.  –  Casadesus  Recital  Hall  ­  $9  general  public;  $7
faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $1 for students

Sunday, Novem ber 1 8 – Conce rto Competition Auditions – 7:00 p.m. –
Casadesus Recital Hall – free
Thursday, Novem ber 29 –  Mid­Day  Concert –  1 :20  p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Friday, Novem ber 30 –  Flute Stud io Recital –  10:30 a.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free
Saturday,  Decem ber 1 – F lute Ensem ble Recital – 12 noon – Casadesus
Recital Hall ­ free

Saturday,  Decem ber 1  – Reunion Recital :  Aaron Nicholson, baritone
and  Todd  Robinson,  bass­barit one  –  8:00  p.m.  –  Anderson  Center
Chamber Hall ­ $15 general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students

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                    <text>L} ii) £ 3 ;   R R c

BINGHAMTON

Q 

U  N  1  v  E  R  S I T  Y

J ” 3‘1 

ape 

 HS 3  r”­ 
3

State University of  New York

Depart ment of Musi c
presen t

An Evening of #oft Latin  Jazz
with the

H ar pur J azz E nsem ble

Micha el Car bone,  direc tor
and guest artists

J e ﬀ  Leder er, saxop hone
Chris  Wash burne , trom bone
E ric Velez, conga

Th ursday, N ovember 18, 2004
8 :00 p.m.
Anderso n Center  Oster hout The ater

�FIRST HALF
Program selected  from the following:

Woodchopper’s Ball ...................... Woody Herman, arr. Joe Bishop

{

Soul Vaccination......................Emilio Castillio and Stephen Kupka
arr. Paul Lavender

1
i

l

]1

l

­­Intermission­­

SECOND HALF   with  Chris Washburne, Jeﬀ Lederer
and Eric Velez

Program selected from the following:
Caravan............................... Duke Ellington, I rving Mills, Juan Tizol

Manteca... Dizzy Gillespie, Walter Gil Fuller, Luciano P. Gonzalez
M a u r l c i o  

o
. 

s

e T  R I E d  e t e r

............Tito Puente
verre... Tito Puente

veeeeeeeenn..  Wayne  Shorter, arr. Jeﬀ  Lederer

HARPUR JA ZZ ENSEMB LE

Chick Corea, arr. Paul Jennings

Caught A Touch of Your Love...........C. Bikhardt, J. Keller, J. Best

Oye Como Va

Speak No Evil

Charles Mingus, arr. Sy Johnson

Please Send Me Someone to Love............................ P ercy Mayﬁeld
Spain 

vevreeennn...Chris  Washburne

Ran Kan Kan

Everyday (I Have the Blues).......................................Peter Chatman
Goodbye Pork Pie Hat 

Nuyorican Sun

Saxophones
Mike Casey, 1%  alto
David Faranda, 2™  alto
Ben Wood, 1* tenor
Mike Marchisotto, 2™  tenor
Michael Irani, baritone sax

Bass
Talitha Phillips

T rumpets
Paul Persichette
Alex Rubic
Garret Clark
Glen Widjeskog
Chris Magee

Percussion
Matt Green
Aaron Fumarola

T rom bones
Sean Kassof
Reese Taylor
Jamie Cepler
Samuel Boyer
Cara Rohrer  bass trombone

Clarinet
Karen Zimmer

Piano
David Katcher

Guitar
Darren Klein
Jamie Harris

Flute
Suzanne K ivel

Vocalists
Emily Resniek
Rhonda Plunkett Carbone
Angel Reynoso

�About the Performe rs
MICHAEL J .  CARBONE, conductor, is  a  native of Utica, New York.   He

moved to the Binghamton area in 1981 and is an instrumental music teacher in
the Johnson City School district where he is Director of Concert Band and Jazz
Ensemble  at the middle school.  He  joined the Binghamton University music
faculty  in  1997 and serves as  the  Director of the Jazz Studies Program and
Director of the Harpur Jazz Ensemble.  He holds a B.M.E. from the Crane School
of Music and a M.M. from Binghamton University.  Carbone has performed with
many well­known artists including Al Marino, Natalie Cole, Tommy Tune, Mel
Torme, The Jimmy Dorsey Orchestra, Danny D’Imperio ’s Big Band, Bloviation,
the Central New York Jazz Orchestra, and The Temptations.
JEFF LEDERER, born in 1 962, is a saxophonist and composer who has been
living in New York City for 15 years, pursuing activities as a performer, teacher
and  arranger/composer.  Born  in  Los  Angeles,  he  attended  Oberlin  College,
studying comparative religion, and earned the Master of Music degree from
Western  Michigan  University,  where  he  studied  composition  with  Ramon
Zupko.  As  a  saxophonist,  he  tours  internationally  and  records  with  Matt
Wilson’s jazz quartet, which again won this year’s Downbeat Poll for one of the
best Acoustic Jazz Groups of the Year. He also tours with Salsa artist Jimmy
Bosch. As a freelance musician, Lederer also has performed with the Mingus
Big Band and  Latin music legend Tito Puente. Together with vocalist  Mary
LaRose, he  has produced  four recordings for various  record label, including
Gunther Schuller’s GM Records.  In 2003, his re­imagining of Vivaldi’s Four
Seasons,  Los  Sazones­scored  for  chamber  orchestra  and  Salsa  band,  was
premiered  by the Chicago Symphony  Orchestra at the  Ravinia  Festival. The
concert was repeated in  2004 at Ravinia’s 100th anniversary celebration and
performances with major American orchestras are scheduled for next season.
Reviewing the premiere, The Chicago Tribune wrote, “Lederer has created a
forum in which both the classical and jazz units could collaborate and exchange
ideas­yet  without  compromising  or  demeaning  either  musical  language.”
Lederer continues to work in areas that cross stylistic boundaries and artistic
traditions.  In the fall of 2004, a new work for chorus, winds and percussion by
the group VocalEssence in  Minneapolis will  be  premiered. Lederer also will
launch his own new group, Shakers n’ Bakers. The group will perform his music
inspired by the ecstatic musical practices of the Shaker religious sect. He is also
transcribing Central African vocal music for use in school music programs.

1

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CHRIS WASHBURNE  is  a  musician  whose  musical  activities  cross many
styles and cultural borders. F rom early in his career, he refused to be pigeon­
holed as just a jazz or classical player, but instead has  continually pursued a
diverse path. Washbume  is freelancing as a studio musician and performing
trombone, bass trombone, tuba, didjeridu, and percussion with various classical,
jazz, rock, and Latin groups in New York City. He also tours extensively with
various  groups and  has  concertized  throughout  the  North  America,  Europe,
Asian, Africa, South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.  Washburne

has performed with Tito Puen te, Eddie Palmieri, Mark Ant hony, Gloria Estefan,

1

1

Celine  Dion,  Celia  Cruz,  Muhal  Richard  Abrams,  Ruben  Blades,  Roscoe
Mitchell, Grady Tate, Jaki Byard, Duke Ellington Orchestra, Danilo Caymmi,
Daniel  Ponce, Ran Blake, Arturo Sandoval, Hilton  Ruiz,  Lawrence  “Butch”
Morris, Anthony Braxton, John Cale, Baba Olatunje, Candido, Freddie Cole,
Leslie  Uggams,  Maria  Schneider  Big  Band,  Chico  O’Farrill  Dicapo  Opera
Company, Bang on a Can  All­stars, American Microtonal  Festival Chamber
Orchestra, RMM Allstar Salsa Band, Regis Philbin, and the Dinosaur Annex,
under the direction of Gunther Schuller. He is a regular performing member
with the Boston Art Quartet, Manhattan Chamber Orchestra, SEM Ensemble,
Sun Spits Cherries, Walter Thompson Big Band, Marie McAuliﬀe’s Ark Sextet,
Dadadah, The Last of the International Playboys, and leader of S.Y.O.T.O.S., a
Latin jazz group that features his original compositions.  He can be heard on the
S.Y.O.T.O.S. releases, Bobby Sanabria’s Grammy nominated Big Band record
“Live and in Clave,” the BAQ’s debut CD “The Fax” and Ray Vega’s self­titled
CD, all of which feature his original compositions. He also can be heard on the
recordings of David Byrne, Tito Puente, Eddie Palmieri, The Barrio Boyz, Oscar
D’Leon,  Louie  Ramirez,  Manhattan  Chamber  Orchestra,  Bang  on  A  Can
Allstars, Brian Lynch, Orlando Watusi y su cartel de la salsa, Nerissa, Raulin
Rosendo, Danny Rojo, Yorman D’Leon, among many others. He received his
Bachelor  of  Music  degree  in  classical  trombone  performance  from  the
University of Wisconsin, where he studied with William Richardson, Richard
Davis, and Les Thimmeg. In 1988, he completed a Master of Music degree from
the New England Conservatory in Third Stream Studies, where he studied with
John Swallow, Ran Blake, and Bob Moses. He was the winner of the 1988 New
England Conservatory Graduation Concerto Competition. In 1985, he spent two
months living in Zambia studying the traditional music of that region. In 1993,
he  received  a  Mellon  Fellowship  to  travel  to  and  explore  the  rich  musical
traditions of Cuba. In 1996, he received a Sinfonia Foundation grant to assist in
the  research  for  his  dissertation.  In  1999,  he  received  his  Ph.D.  in
Ethnomusicology  from  Columbia  University.  He  has  commissioned  and
premiered more than 20 contemporary compositions for trombone. He holds a
teaching position in the Jazz Department at the New School for Social Research
and is an assistant professor at Columbia University.

�ERIC  VELEZ  is  a  Nuyorican  who  was  born  and  raised  in  the  Bronx.
He learned how to play at the age of three with the help of his brother Jose
Jusino  and  watching  the  “Rumberito  All  Stars,”  which  include  his  brother,
Bobby Allende, Tito Allende and Marc Quinones. His ﬁrst gig was performing
with  Groupo  Fascinacion  at the  age  of  15.  During the  next  two years,  he
performed with  Pete  “El Conde”  Rodriquez, Ismael  Mirande, Cheo Felicano,
Johnny Rivera. At  17, Velez played  with  Eddie Palmieri, which featured the
singing of La India. In  1993, Velez joined the Mark  Anthony band and also
made  his  ﬁrst  recording  with  Anthony  for  the  music sound  track  “Carlito’s
Way.”  He  played  with  Willie  Colon  for  three  years.  In  1996, Velez joined
Isidiro Infante and La Elite, where he recorded with Oscar Deleon, Jose Alberto,
Isidiro Infante, Eddie Palmieri with Nuyorican Soul. He also traveled with the
RMM band, which featured Celia Cruz and Tito Puente. In 1997, Velez rejoined
Mark Anthony and joined DLG, with whom he traveled throughout the U.S.
Europe, South and Central America, and Japan. He also worked with producer
Serjio  George  and  recorded  with  Charlie  Cruz,  Charlie  Cardona,  and  Luis
Damon with Olga  Tannon.  In  1999, Velez  recorded  with  Celia Cruz on  the
Grammy nominated album “Mi Vida Es Cantar.” Also in 1998, Velez performed
for President Bill Clinton with Mark Anthony. Since 2000, Velez has performed
with Anthony on two tours and in the 2000 Grammy, Mad TV Latin Grammy,
Jay Leno Show, HBO special with Mark Anthony, 2001 VHI Divas Show and
Rockefeller Christmas Tree Special. Velez works with La  India, Jimmy Bosch
and is ﬁnishing a project with his brother.

rl
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=

�Coming Eve nts
F riday,  November  1 9  –  Charles  Ives  Remem bered  Preview  –
Documentary and comments by Paul Goldstaub  8:00 p.m. – Casadesus
Recital Hall – free

Sunday, Nove mber 2 1 – Charles Ives Remembere d – An afternoon of
song and cham ber music – 3:00 p.m. – Anderson Center Chamber Hall ­
$15 general public; $13 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; $7 students
Th ursday,  December  2  –  Mid­Day  Concert  with  faculty  and  student
performers – 1 :20 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall – free for students

Th ursday, Decem ber 2 – Studen t Performance  of Elizabethan  Mad rigal
Dinner ~ 6:30 p.m. – Mandela Room of University Union – $16
F riday, Decemb er 3  –  Flute Studio R ecital –  10:30  a.m.  –  Fine  Arts
Room 1 1 1 – free
F riday,  December  3  –  Elizabethan  Mad rigal  Dinner  ~  6:30  p.m.  –
Mandela Room of the University Union ­ $35
Saturd ay, December  4  ­  Elizabethan  Mad rigal Dinner – 6:30  p.m.  –
Mandela Room of the University Union ­ $35

Sunday, Decem ber 5 – Ho­Ho Holidays!  University Wind Ensemble –
1:00 p.m. – Oakdale Mall – free
Tuesday, Dece mber 7 ­­ Univ ersity Percussi on Ensemble – 8:00 p.m. –
Anderson Center Chamber Hall – free

Thursday,  December  9  –  Holiday  Mid­Day  Concert  –  1:20  p.m.  –
Casadesus Recital Hall – free
Th ursday,  December  9  –  University  Symphony  Orchestra  –  Field,
Forest and  Fiacre – 8:00  p.m. – Anderson Center Osterhout Concert
Theater ­ $10 general public; $ 7 faculty/staﬀ/seniors; free for students
Sunday, Dece mber  1 2 ­­  Maste r ’s Recital  –  Am ber Alarcon,  mezzo­
soprano – 7 :30 p.m. – Casadesus Recital Hall ­ free

i
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                    <text>BINGHAMTON
U N I V E R S I T Y

State University of  New York

’

DNIv ARC 

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D  E  P  A  H  T  M  E , N  T

S l \=
 

AN  EVENING OF
INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC
Ashwini Bhide­Deshpande, vocal
Vishwanath Shirod kar, tabla
Seema Shirodkar, harmonium

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Saturday, May 13, 2006
7:00 p.m.
Watters Theater

�PRO GRA M
Khyal in Rag Puriya Dhanashri
I.  Alap
II.  Bada Khyal in tintal
III. Chota Khyal in ektal
Thumri in Rag Kaﬁ
I.  “Mitawal  mane  nahe ” (‘My love  you  are  not  listening to
me’) in tintal
Song for Holi Festival in Rag Maand
I.  “Ita  lagara mose  khalo nahori”  (‘Please do  not  spray the
colored Holi paint on me! ’) in dipchandi tal
Jhoola song in Rag Pilu
I.  “Re Jhule ki Radha pyari” (‘My lovely Radha’) in dadra tal
Bhajan in Rag Bhairavi
I.  “Mai kahee sama jhawa jabad juga andha ” (‘How  can  I
explain it to a world of blind people?’) in keherwa tal
Composed by Saint Kabir
Hind ustan i Classical Music
The origins of Indian classical music can be traced to the Vedas, a

set o f four texts that com prise  the foundation  o f the Hind u reli gion,

and  were passed  down orally  until  around  1500  B.C.  when they
began to be written  down. The texts comprise hymns, which  not
only aided memorization, but also provided the foundation of Indian
music. In the ﬁrst few centuries A.D., the sage Bharata compiled a
treatise on music, dance, and theatre that provided the  theoretical
foundations for future directions in Indian composition.
Bharata outlined the organization of rhythm and meter into cycles
made  up  of  groupings  of  beats  now  referred  to  as  tala.  Every
composition is set to a particular tala cycle made up of stressed and
unstressed  beats.  Knowledgeable  audience  members  may
externalize  the  tala  by  a  system  of  claps  (tali)  representing  the
strong beats, and waves (khali) representing  the weak beats.  The
tala cycles for each o f the pieces tonight have been notated below.

�Bharata also formulated the concept of raga, which is the melodic
system  underlying Hindustani music. Ragas consist of a scale, as
well as a  set of musical  rules governing choice and emphasis of
pitches, melodic  motion, and  ornamentation.  Ragas normally are
associated  with  certain  times of day and/or  seasons of the  year.
Bharata related each raga, to a speciﬁc rasa, or emotion. The eight
rasa are  love, humor, anger,  compassion, valor, wonder, disgust,
and fear. The term raga means  ‘color’, and ragas are  supposed to
color the mind and stimulate listeners to emotional response. After
the writings of Bharata, wandering monks began composing sacred
hymns, known as Bhaj ans, in the raga and tala cycles formulized by
Bharata, which provide the source for many contemporary Indian
classical compositions.

V

From this  common historical  origin, classical  music in  India has
gradually  become  divided  geographically  into  Northern
(Hindustani)  and  Southern  (Karnatik)  traditions  since  the  13”
century  A.D. The  source  of  this division was the  occupation  of
Northern  India  by  successive  waves  of  Muslim  conquerors
including  Persian,  Turkish,  Arab,  and  Central  Asian  peoples.
During the successive reigns of these Muslim dynasties, Northern
India  came  to  adopt  and  adapt  several  instruments,  styles,  and
techniques  from  Persian  and  Arabic  music.  Hindustani  classical
music, as we know it today, took shape in the 1 6” century A.D. in
the courts of the  Mughal em perors as  Hindu musicians began to
seek employment as court musicians. At the Mughal courts Hindu

musicians mixed with Persian musicians, and they began to develop
a hybrid of both musical traditions. They also began to intermarry,

and  many  contemporary  Hindustani  musicians  have  Persian
surnames.

Through  time,  certain  families  of  court  composers  established
gharana,  or  stylistic  schools  of  performance  and  interpretation.
Eventually these schools took on talented students from outside the
family,  spreading  the  inﬂuence  of these  previously  local  styles.
‘During the British colonization of India (1850­1947), many of the
courts were dissolved and musicians shifted their performances to
the concert stage, where they can now be enjoyed by all.

EF)

�ABOUT THE MUSIC
Khyal in Rag Puriva Dhanashri
Khyal  (‘imagination’)  is  the  most  frequently  performed  genre  of
Hindustani vocal music. It was developed in the early decades of the
18™  century  by  the  musician  Nyamat  Khan  in  the  court  of the
Mughal  Emperor  Muhammad  Shah (r.  1719­1748).  Compared  to
Dhrupad,  the  other  more  ancient  genre  of  vocal  music,  khyal
features greater use of improvisation, including rapid melodic runs,
known as tan, and this facet was perhaps responsible for its name,
loosely  translated  as  ‘imagination’.  This  increased  use  of
improvisation  is  believed  to  have  been  drawn  from  Muslim
devotional  hymns  known  as  gawwali.  In  contemporary
performance, the Khyal is considered the main event, and is often
followed  by  some  “light”  classical  genres  such  as  Thumri  and
Bhajan to wind the performance down.
Khyal compositions, known as bandish, are made up of a few lines
of text set to the melodic rules of the raga, and the metric rules of
the tala. There are only two sections, the ascending (sthayi), where
the melody ascends the scale, and the descending (antara), where
the melodic motion descends the scale. From this minimal kernel of
pre­composed  material,  the  artist  must  develop  the  piece  with
extensive improvisation using both the syllables of the text, sol­fa
type syllables (known as sargam), as well as pure vowel sounds. In
this way khyal may be cautiously compared to a Jazz composition
where a singer will sing the regular piece straight through and then
use  scat­singing  to  improvise  before  returning  to  the  original

composition.

In  performance,  the  singer  usually  begins  with  an  alap,  an

unmetered, introductory improvisation that is m eant to introduce the

notes and melodic rules of the raga. During this portion, which may
last from 30 seconds up to 5 minutes, the tabla drummer does not
play as it is in free rhythm. This is then followed with a bandish in
slow­medium tempo known as bada khyal (‘big khyal ’). The bada
khyal  will  be  in a tala cycle, highlighted  by the  entrance  of the

drummer. _

�Following  this composition,  without a pause, will  be  a diﬀerent
bandish in a fast tempo and in a diﬀerent tala, known as chota khyal
(‘small khyal ’). By the end of the chota khyal the singing will be
extremely fast and virtuosic. The whole performance of khyal may
last from 20­4 0 minutes depending on the inspiration of the artist.
Rag Puriya Dhanashri is an evening raga normally performed after
sunset.  It  is  a  combination  of  two  earlier  ragas  Puriya  and
Dhanashri that became very popular in the 20™  century. The scale
normally avoids the tonic (C) in the ascent and may be notated as:
Ascent 

Z 
E

h

or

a 

 

12 

wv

Descent 

or

o o  

l h e y

I 

aa

Y
b

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l

10d

1

o z  

E e  e a

The bada khyal is in tintal, a 16­beat cycle divided into 4 sets of 4
beats (4/4/4/4). Its notation in stressed (X=clap) and unstressed
(O=wave) beats is:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

x ­ ­ ­ x ­ ­ ­ o ­ ­ ­ x ­ ­ ­
The chota khyal is in ektal, a 12 beat cycle divided into 6 sets of 2
beats (2/2/2/2/2/2). Its notation is:

1

x

2

­

3

7

o

4

­

5

x

6

­

7

8

o

9

­

1

0

x

1

­

1

x

1

2

­

[

l

�Thumr i in Ra g Kaﬁ
Thumri is a genre of “light” classical music that evolved from songs
perform ed  to  accomp any  erotic  dances   by  courtesans  to  a  more

A
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serious style  that  came  to  accompany the  kathak  classical  dance
during the period of about 1 770­1870 A.D. Eventually in the court
of Nawab Wajid Ali  Shah of Lucknow (r. 1847­1856) thumri was
elevated  to  a  court  genre  that  featured  female  singers  who
entertained  male  audiences  in  a  manner  similar  to  the  Japanese
Geisha. In  the early 2 0 century
 
, the courtesan tradition fell  into
disrepute, under the pressures of the British colonial regime as well
as in the eyes of the largely Westem­educated Indian middle­class.
Thumri  singers  could  no  longer  support  themselves,  so  khyal
performers took over the artistic singing of thumri. Now thumri has
become part of the classical concert repertory, where it  is used to
wind down both performers and audience after a lengthy rendition
of khyal.

Thurmri is considered “light ” music because its compositions and
improvisations can bend and even break  the melodic rules of its
raga. Thumri bandish are usually lively and quick paced, with texts
that emphasize romantic love, including the pangs of longing, the
desperation of separation, or unrequited love. Thumri compositions
also feature improvisation by the vocalist, and may also allow the
tabla drummer and harmonium player space to improvise.
Rag Kaﬁ uses a scale similar to the Western dorian mode, with one
important diﬀerence: the third and the seventh may also be played
natural. Eﬀectively, this means the artists m ay sing  combinations in
both ionian and dorian modes.
2  Ascent  

3 

l

f

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a y   0  a

e a  

Descent

1 9 .  l  ’  w
 a J 

Il

w ‘ o

�  aand
Song for Holi Festival in Rag M
Songs  for  the  Holi  festival  represent  another  genre  of  “light”
classical music that  has come out of folk  music into the  concert
repertory. The Holi festival is the known as the Spring Festival of
Colors, and normally occurs in March.  The night before the full
moon, every village lights a bonﬁre to burn the residual dried leaves
and twigs of winter. This bonﬁre is the commemoration of a Hindu
legend where the demoness Holika was burnt to death ensuring the
victory of good over evil. The following morning the community
squirts colored water and smears colored powders over each other,
giving us the title of this song, which asks that the singer be spared
from this part of the festivities! The festival of Holi is also closely
associated with Lord Krishna, who in his young age  played and
frolicked with his band of cowherds and maidens (the Gopis). Lord
Krishna played Holi with so much gusto that even today the songs
sung during Holi are full of the pranks that he played on the Gopis,
especially his childhood sweetheart Radha, who incidentally forms
the subject o f the next piece.

Rag Maand is an evening rag typically played from 6­9 p.m., and
uses a scale similar to the Western major scale, however it avoids
c descent pattern :
 
the 2 ” (D) in the ascent, and has a characteristi

€ 

= 

Descent

Ascent 

‘ d ’   4 

F

l

 
&gt; . &amp; o
= o a   2  _ »a 
 

i

e '  “

r o 

Dipchandi tal is a 14­beat cycle divided into alternate sections of
three and four beats (3/4/3/4). It is notated:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1
Y

2 1 3 1

4
F

�Krishna and Radha sitting in the Jhoola

=  2 3
– 7 7
i 
i l    .­  wo , i ’  " 1 
p­‘m‘   o
a
t R
 E
S
. i”  5 
5gm5  ,  ; 
.   ’4V  So 
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r

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4 

.  . ' ”5“  I    fo
2

8

g l ]   swing that has become an i mportant

' 

 

Jhoola song in Rag Pilu
 
Jhoola  songs  form  part  of  a  larger
genre  of  “light”  classical  pieces
known as dadra, because they all use
the  dadra  tala  cycle.  Jhoola  is  a

icon in northern India because of its

association  with  the  romantic  love

,  ,    __
  MM between  Lord  Krishna  and  his
ﬁrm " A
N
 
_ 
favorite  Gopi  Radha.  In  northern
. 
i 
i  “4­ .
India Jhoola songs are typically sung
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UBER!  by  women  during  the  monsoon
Whmnd  m
 g © ”i­  f '  ‘ 
season (August), which  falls during
­  t
h
e holy month of Shraavan. D
 
uring
this month constant oﬀerings are made to the various Hindu deities,
including Lord Krishna. A Jhoola usually has a happier mood and
evokes the joyfulness of wet, green earth, when girls in rural areas
sit swinging on wooden planks tied with ropes to trees. The musical
phrasing in a Jhoola must also convey the swaying movement of a
swing.
3

4

 

Rag Pilu is a highly imaginative and complex raga that uses both the
natural  and ﬂatted 3 ”  and 7", much like  Rag Kaﬁ, above. It is
commonly  used  in folk and light­classical  genres. It  is normally
sung in the early evening from 3­6 p.m.
2  Ascent 

or 

ev  p– t 4 
 © 

ANS, 

l ; —  T

/  Descent 
1 

Q) 

‘

 

&gt; 1

or 
E

= 

a

or

l 

1 

r

E

 

or
= 

o  1

0

J a v  e  

T

1

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V o vv 
  ‘O­ 

m — _  

l

4

V o &gt;  &gt;

Dadra tal is a 6­beat cycle divided into two sets of three beats (3/3)
and is notated:
1
2
3
4
5
6

x

­

­

o

­

­

�Bhajan in Rag Bhairavi
The  ﬁnal  piece  of the  evening is a  Bhajan, which is a genre of
devotional hymns to the  Hindu deities. Bhajans express religious
love for the divine, and are an important component of the Bhakti,
or devotional movement Hinduism. The singing of Bhajans is meant
to connect human beings with the divine, in the same manner that
romantic  love  connects  husband  and  wife.  This  Bhajan  was
composed  by  a  famous  Hindu  saint  named  Kabir  (1440­1518).
Kabir was an Indian mystic who preached an ideal of seeing all of
humanity as one. He was known to be a weaver and later became
famed for scorning religious aﬀiliation. His philosophies and ideas
of loving devotion to God are expressed in metaphor and language,
using vernacular Hindi.
Rag Bhairavi is one of the most well­known and loved ragas, and is
often used as it is here to conclude a performance.  Traditionally,
Bhairavi is a morning raga, but it is now often used at any tim e of
day or night. Bhairavi is suited for the expression of romantic or
devotional  love  and  admiration,  and  is  used  to  compose  both
Bhajans  and  Thumri.  There  is  considerable  ﬂexibility  in  the
performance rules of Bhairavi, and artists often introduce shades of
other ragas according to their skill and imagination. Its basic scale,
however, is as follows:
2  Ascent 

or 

or

 ­ = Soe  eT  a
~~¢ 
  Spe rI =  orm r o   a 7  Ta —
l

o­V

Zee

Descent

[) 

I e  o  »

a l l a 

Keherwa tal is an 8­beat cycle divided into two sets of 4 beats (4/4)
notated as:
1 1 2 1 3 4 5 ]  6 ] 7 ] 8

x ­ ­ ­ o ­ ­ ­

–Notes by James Burns

�ABOUT THE P ERFOR MERS
Ashwini Bhide­D eshpand e (vocal)

Amongst   the  vocalists  of  the  younger  generatio n  of the  Jaipur­

Atrauli tradition of Khyal singing, Ashwini Bhide­Deshpande is an
artiste of great caliber.  She  has  been performing  in  a number of
prestigious music conferences in India for over ﬁfteen years and has
had successful concert tours of Europe as well as of North American
continent.

Ashwini began her training at the age of ﬁve under the guidance of
Pandit  Narayanrao  Datar.  After  graduating  with  a  “sangeet
visharad”  from  Gandharva  Mahavidyalaya,  she  started  receiving
guidance  and meticulous attention  from  her mother, Smt.  Manik
Bhide, a great Khyal singer herself. Ashwini has inherited all that
was best in her mother’s style and was able to add to her repertoire
with  great  sensitivity  and  intellect.  Presently  she  is  receiving
guidance from Pandit Ratnakar Pai, a veteran of the Jaipur gharana.
Systematic  exposition  of  the  Rag  structure,  brilliant  phrasing,
variety o f tan patterns, ease and grace in all of the three octaves
mark her singing. She does not merely present the  grammar of a
Rag, but can build it up into an aesthetically pleasing experience.

A resident of Mumbai, Ashwini is a graduate in Microbiology and
also holds a Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry.
Vishwanath Shir od kar (tabla)
The art  of accompaniment on tabla in Indian classical music is a
very subtle and a diﬀicult one. Many try  it, but only a very few
become successful in it and are recognized for how they embellish
the perfo rmance o f the main artiste . When it comes  to providing
accompaniment  to  a  classical  vocalist,  the  job  of  a  tabla
accompanist is even more diﬀicult. Vishwanath Shirodkar is one of
those few who exempliﬁes these qualities. His knowledge of vocal
music  gives  him  an  added  advantage  and  has  therefore  been
recognized  as  one  of  the  best  accompanists  of  the  younger
generation.

�He was initiated into tabla by Shree Suryakant Naik, and later on he
received training from Pandit Vaibhav Nageshkar. At present, he is
receiving advanced training from Pandit Suresh Talwalkar, who is
one  of  the  most  revered  teachers  of  tabla.  Vishwanath  has
accompanied many well  known vocalists as well as instrumental
musicians. These include Padma Talwalkar, Rashid Khan, Ashwini
Bhide­Deshpande,  C.  R.  Vyas,  Shobha  Gurtu,  Malini  Rajurkar,
Shubha  Mudgal,  Veena  Sahasrabuddhe,  Rakesh  Chaurasia,  Brij
Narayan, N. Rajam, Ulhas Bapat and Zarin Daruwala.

!

l

Vishwanath is a graduate in engineering but devotes all of his time
to classical music. He has toured the United States, Canada, South
America, the Middle East and has performed in all major cities of
India.

Seema Shirodkar (harmonium)
Beginning at a very early age, Seema had an acute interest in music,
and started her initial training under the guidance of Shree Umesh
Ansulkar.  Over  the  next  several  years  she  received  extensive
training  under  the  able  guidance  of  Pandit  Tulsidas  Borkar,
recognized by many has a complete teacher. She also beneﬁted from
her association with the Late Shree Vishwanath Pendharkar, one of
the most gifted and versatile teachers and performers. It was Pandit
Borkar  who  groomed  her  as  an  accompanist  and  it  was  Shree
Pendharkar  who taught  her  the  ﬁne  points  of a  solo  performer.
Seema has accompanied vocalists that include Kishori  Amonkar,
Veena  Sahasrabuddhe,  Rashid  Khan,  Padma  Talwalkar,  Arati
Ankalikar­Tikekar, Ashwini Bhide­Deshpande, C, R. Vyas, Shubha
Mudgal, Rajan and Saj an Misra, Sanjeev Abhyankar and Prabhakar
Karekar.
Seema is a graduate of the S.N.D.T. University and is on the faculty
of the Gandharva Mahavidyalaya, in Mumbai. Seema has gone on
concert tours of the United States, Europe, the United Kingdom,
Canada and the several countries of the Middle East.

1

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                    <text>STATE UNIV ERSITY OF N E W YORK  AT BIN GHAMTON

HARPUR COLLEGE
THE DEPARTMENT  OF  MUSIC

ANITA CARLTON, PI ANIST
&gt; 

April 5, 1968 

Music Recital Hall 

8 :15 p.m.

PROGRAM

Papillons, opus 2  H w i ' ﬂ ­   i ­ h f ‘ v  
Berceuse, opus 57 

Chopin

Scherzo, opus 39 

Chopin

Z 
INFE 

, 

, 

Schumann

i

,'Vf)/  )F  ‘ J ,

In t ermission

Preludes . 2éme livre 
Brouillards
Feuilles  mortes
La Puerta del Vino
“Les Fées sont d’ exquises danseuses”
Bruyeres
General Lavine ­ eccentr ic
La terrasse des audiences du clair de lune
Ondine
Hommage a S. Pickwick Esq. P.P.M.P.C.
Canope
Les tierces alternées
Feux d’a rtiﬁce

Debussy

Ushering courtesy of A lpha Phi Omega and Gamma Sigma Sig ma
A  RECEPTION  honoring  Miss  Carlton  will be held in the G reen Roo m
Lounge  adjacent  to  the Recital Hall i mmediately following the concert.
All are cordially invited to attend.

�FUTURE  MUSICAL  EVENTS
APRIL  7
.
Sunday, 8:1 
The College Theater
No charge

CHORAL  CONCERT
Homecoming  presentation of  the  1968 Spring Tour concert
by the Harpur College Choir and Men’s Glee C lub, featuring
a variety of sac red and secular music.  Ensembles are con­
ducted by David Buttolph and Dennis Williams .

APRIL  10
Wednesday, 12:15 p.m.
Music Recital Hall
No charge

NOON  RECITAL
Student  performers  Donna  Hallen,  piano;  Diane  Berde,
piano;  Russell  Fuller,  baritone ;  Grace  Martin,  soprano;
Woodwind quartet:  Weiner, Marcus, Crane.Wethe rby.

APRIL  15
Monday, 8 :15
Music Recital pHall
No charge

LECTURE :  MARC  PINCHERLE
“Conquest of Snobbism?”
Mr. Pincherle  is a noted French musicologist whose special
interest is the violin and its m usic.

APRIL  17
Wednesday,  2  1 5
Music Recital]  Hall

NOON  RECITAL
Laura Masin, ha  ichord
Program includes works by Bach, Scarlatti and Rameau.

APRIL  17
Wednesday, 8.1 5er m.
The College’l‘  ter
Admission:  $2. 50 public,
.50 faculty, .25 students

THE  NEW  YORK  WOODWIND  QUINTET

No charge

Samuel  Baron,  ﬂute ; Ronald Roseman, oboe ; David Glazer,
clarinet, Arthu r Weisberg. bassoon ; Ralph F roelich, French
horn.  Fifth recital of the Spring 196 8 Chamber Mus ic Series.
featuring a  premiere of  Matrix , a new work by Karl Korte.

APRIL  2115
Sun d a y , 8
The College Theater

THE  COLLEGE  ORCHESTRA
Program:  Bach, Brandenburg Concerto N o.  4; Haydn, Lon­
Symphony;  Beethoven,  Prometheus  Overture;  also,  a
special massed choir will  join the orchestra fora perfor m­
ance of the Faure Requiem.  Conducted by David Buttolph.

L 2
APRIL 
Wednesday, 12. 15 p.m
Music RecitalHa  ll
No charge

CHRISTINE  LINDSAY,  HARPSICHORD,  AND  K A R E N
LOVEJOY,  SOPRANO
“Songs from the Baroque” including compositions by A. Scar­

latti and Monteverdi.  Part of the Noon Recital Series.

THE  GUARNERI  STRING  QUARTET

APRIL  24
Wednesday, 8 :15 p.m.
The College Theater
Admission:  $2.50 public,
.50 faculty, .25 students

Arnold Steinhardt, violin ; John Dalley, v iolin ; Michael Tree,
viola;  David  Soyer,  cello.  Sixth  recital of the Spring 1968
mber Music Se ries.

APRIL  28
Sunday, 3 00  p.m.
Music Recital Hall

JOHN  METZ,  PIANIST
Faculty  member  at Syracuse University.  Program : Scar­
latti,  selected sonatas ;eMend lssohn  Variations Serieuses;
and  C an t e y o d j a y a :
Messiaen,  Cloches  d’angoisse 

thoven, Sonata in C Minor, Op.  111.

�</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/items/show/2877"&gt;Full Display and German Transcription of Max Reinhardt's&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/items/show/2877"&gt; Reigen Promptbook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.binghamton.edu/libraries/about/special-collections/research-and-collections/reinhardt/"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Max Reinhardt Archives and Library&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://suny-bin.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,reinhardt&amp;amp;tab=DigitalCollections&amp;amp;search_scope=DigitalCollections&amp;amp;vid=01SUNY_BIN:01SUNY_BIN&amp;amp;offset=0"&gt;Max Reinhardt Collection Photographs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/max-reinhardt-timeline"&gt;The Life and Times of Theater Director Max Reinhardt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/max-reinhardt-theaters"&gt;The Theaters of Max Reinhardt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Jean Green,&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Binghamton University Students: &lt;br /&gt;Madelynn Cullings&lt;br /&gt;Kashawn Hernandez&lt;br /&gt;Aanyah Jhonson-Whyte&lt;br /&gt;Marisa Joseph&lt;br /&gt;Bethany Maloney&lt;br /&gt;Ashleigh Marie Sherman&lt;br /&gt;Thomas Tegtmeier&lt;br /&gt;Joseph Vitale</text>
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                    <text>LIN
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State University of  New York

Department of Music

‘Around the Horn’
University Symphony
Orchestra
Timothy Perry, Director
and

French Horn Soloists

Emie Epelman
G reg Cecere 
Patrick Lokken
Alfred Jacobsen 

Sa turday, M a rch 5, 2005
8 :00 p. m .
O s t er h o n t  C on c ert  T h e a t e r

�The Binghamton University Department o f M
  usic presents

‘Around the Horn’
with  the

1 
l 

University Symphony Orchestra
Timothy Perry, Director
And French Horn Soloists

Greg Cecere 
Alfred Jacobsen 

Ernie Epelman
Patrick Lokken

8 :00 P.M. 
Osterhout Concert Theater 

Saturday, March 5, 2005
Anderson  Center for the Arts

Program
I.
Prelude to /'Aprés­midi d’un Faune 
(The afternoon of a faun) 
Konzertst iick in F Major. Op. 86 
for Four Horns and Orchestra 

Claude Debussy
( 1 862­ 191 8)
Robert Schumann
( 18 10­ 1856 )

Le b h a ﬁ ­  Romanze– Sehr l e b h a ﬁ

Soloists
Mr. Cecre, Ms. Epelman, Mr. Jacobsen, Mr. Lokken

“~

I n lerm ission—F ifteen minutes
EL]

i 
l
5 
'

Symphony No. 2 in D Major, Op. 36........... Ludwig van Beetho ven
Adagio molto­­Allegro con brio 
( 1 770­1827)
Larghctto
Scherzo &amp;  Trio ( A llegro)
A llegro molto

a

The University Symphony and University Chorus w ill present their Spring
concert on Saturday. A pril 1 6 " ,  p erforming the Coronation Scene
from Mussorgsk y ’s opera Boris Godonov and the secular cantata The Fir st
Walpurgis­Night by Felix Mendelssohn.

�</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/items/show/2877"&gt;Full Display and German Transcription of Max Reinhardt's&lt;/a&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/items/show/2877"&gt; Reigen Promptbook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.binghamton.edu/libraries/about/special-collections/research-and-collections/reinhardt/"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Max Reinhardt Archives and Library&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://suny-bin.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,reinhardt&amp;amp;tab=DigitalCollections&amp;amp;search_scope=DigitalCollections&amp;amp;vid=01SUNY_BIN:01SUNY_BIN&amp;amp;offset=0"&gt;Max Reinhardt Collection Photographs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/max-reinhardt-timeline"&gt;The Life and Times of Theater Director Max Reinhardt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.binghamton.edu/omeka/max-reinhardt-theaters"&gt;The Theaters of Max Reinhardt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Jean Green,&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Binghamton University Students: &lt;br /&gt;Madelynn Cullings&lt;br /&gt;Kashawn Hernandez&lt;br /&gt;Aanyah Jhonson-Whyte&lt;br /&gt;Marisa Joseph&lt;br /&gt;Bethany Maloney&lt;br /&gt;Ashleigh Marie Sherman&lt;br /&gt;Thomas Tegtmeier&lt;br /&gt;Joseph Vitale</text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
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Binghamton University Libraries is working very hard to create transcriptions of all audio/visual media present on this site. If you require a specific transcription for accessibility purposes, you may contact us at &lt;a href="mailto:orb@binghamton.edu"&gt;orb@binghamton.edu&lt;/a&gt;.</description>
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              <text>Binghamton University Libraries is working very hard to create transcriptions of all audio/visual media present on this site. If you require a specific transcription for accessibility purposes, you may contact us at &lt;a href="mailto:orb@binghamton.edu"&gt;orb@binghamton.edu&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Artisen [promptbook]</text>
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                <text>Watters, George Manker, 1892-1943. Artisten</text>
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                <text> Stage directions</text>
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                <text>Reinhardt, Max, 1873-1943</text>
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                <text>Deutsches Theater zu Berlin</text>
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                <text>Copyright undetermined. This image is provided for educational and research purposes only as is stipulated by U.S. and international copyright law. For more information, please contact speccoll@binghamton.edu. </text>
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